Medieval and modern times : an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . herlands and secretly agreed to use its good offices to securefor France a great part of the left bank of the Rhine. Austriaalso recognized the Cisalpine republic which Bonaparte hadcreated out of the smaller states of northern Italy, and whichwas under the protection of France. This new state includedMilan, Modena, some of the papal dominions, and, lastly, a partof the possessions of the venerable and renowned but defenseless 1 The island of Sardinia had


Medieval and modern times : an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . herlands and secretly agreed to use its good offices to securefor France a great part of the left bank of the Rhine. Austriaalso recognized the Cisalpine republic which Bonaparte hadcreated out of the smaller states of northern Italy, and whichwas under the protection of France. This new state includedMilan, Modena, some of the papal dominions, and, lastly, a partof the possessions of the venerable and renowned but defenseless 1 The island of Sardinia had in 1720 been given to the Duke of Savoy, whowas also ruler of Piedmont. The duke thereupon assumed the title King ofSardinia, but Piedmont with its capital remained the most important part of thekingdom of Sardinia. Europe and Napoleon 529 republic of Venice, which Napoleon had iniquitously received as a partial indemnity the rest of the posses-sions of the Venetian republic, including Venice itself. While the negotiations were going on at Campo-Formio, theyoung general had established a brilliant court. His salons,. Central Europe, to illustrate Napoleons Campaigns,1796-1801 an observer informs us, were filled with a throng of generals, Generalofficials, and purveyors, as well as the highest nobility and the hoids^courtmost distinguished men of Italy, who came to solicit the favorof a glance or a moments conversation. He appears alreadyto have conceived the role that he was to play later. We have S30 Medieval and Modem Times Bonapartesidea of theFrench char-acter and his Personalcharacter-istics Sources ofpower inNapoleonscharacter a report of a most extraordinary conversation which occurredat this time. What I have done so far, he declared, is nothing. I ambut at the opening of the career that I am to run. Do you sup-pose that I have gained my victories in Italy in order to advancethe lawyers of the Directory ? . . Do you think either -that myobject is to es


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Keywords: ., bookauthorrobinson, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookyear1919