. Birds of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains; a manual for the identification of species in hand or in the bush . while those on the side ofbill do not. The female is almost every-where sooty-browm, paler beloAV, andwhitish on the belly; the sides of the head have whitish spotsat base of bill and on cheeks. The female has not such a bulg-ing base of bill nor such an extension of feathers on theculmen. (Sea Coot.) Length, 20; wing, 9| (9-10); tail, 4; tarsus, If; culmen, \\. North-ern North America, on coasts and inland waters ; breeding from the Gulfof St. Lawrence northward, and w


. Birds of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains; a manual for the identification of species in hand or in the bush . while those on the side ofbill do not. The female is almost every-where sooty-browm, paler beloAV, andwhitish on the belly; the sides of the head have whitish spotsat base of bill and on cheeks. The female has not such a bulg-ing base of bill nor such an extension of feathers on theculmen. (Sea Coot.) Length, 20; wing, 9| (9-10); tail, 4; tarsus, If; culmen, \\. North-ern North America, on coasts and inland waters ; breeding from the Gulfof St. Lawrence northward, and wintering south to Virginia and the OhioRiver, and casually to Florida. 27. Ruddy Duck (167. Erismatura jamaicensis). — A com-mon, and. in fidl dress, brightly colored, black-crowned, white-cheeked, chestnut-backed duck, Avithwary white andgray breast and un-der parts, and ashort, black tail ofnarrow, stiff, sharp-pointed female (alsothe male as usuallyfound) has a dullr e d d i s h - b r o w n Kuddy Duck , , • i i-j. ■^ back, grayish-white cheeks Avith a dusky bar extending back from the bill, and the. 29G KEY AND DESCRIPTIOy lower parts mottled buffs and browns. The species can bereadily separated from all others (except the next, which isvery rare), by the peculiar tail feathers almost exposed totheir bases. This is a good diver and often escapes pursuit bydiving backwards and swimming under water to some secureplace where it can hide. In flying, its rounded form and rapidwing movements enable one to distinguish it from other rising from the water it makes use of its feet, running, asit were, on the surface of the water for some distance, beforeit is able to sustain itself in the air. If there is not room forthis surface running, it will dive and hide rather than attemptflight. In swimming, it frequently holds its tail erect, andthis attitude gives it a peculiar appearance. LengUi, 15 ; wing, 5J (5J^-6); tail, 3J ; tarsus, IJ ; culmcn, \\. NorthAin


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