. The royal navy : a history from the earliest times to the present. 2nd Bates 3rd Rates. Men per Gun. Cannon (42 prs.)Demi-Cannon (32 jirs.)Culverins (18 prs.) . 12-pr8 Sakers ....3-prs 2626 36 2 100 90 8 26 6 5 26 4 14 3 4 2 70 In addition to the men per gun, the first-rates had complementsof 296, the second rates of 262, and the third-rates of 160,^ subse-quently reduced to 150. Towards the end of the period, 1660-1714,guns began to be denominated only according to the weights of theirshot, and the names cannon, culverins, etc., disappeared. The improvements in ordnance were, upon the whole
. The royal navy : a history from the earliest times to the present. 2nd Bates 3rd Rates. Men per Gun. Cannon (42 prs.)Demi-Cannon (32 jirs.)Culverins (18 prs.) . 12-pr8 Sakers ....3-prs 2626 36 2 100 90 8 26 6 5 26 4 14 3 4 2 70 In addition to the men per gun, the first-rates had complementsof 296, the second rates of 262, and the third-rates of 160,^ subse-quently reduced to 150. Towards the end of the period, 1660-1714,guns began to be denominated only according to the weights of theirshot, and the names cannon, culverins, etc., disappeared. The improvements in ordnance were, upon the whole, unim-portant ; and it is necessary to here mention but one of them. Thiswas the introduction of the gun known as the cushee piece, a shortweapon throwing a small shell or carcase instead of an ordinaryshot. It was the invention of Eichard Leake, Master Gunner of ^ Derricks Memoirs of the Eoyal Navy, App. 28, p. 1660-72.] THE NAVIGATION ACTS. 249 England, and it seems to have been first employed in action by hisson, Commander John Leake, of the Fircdrake, at the battle ofBantry Bay. The bomb-ketch became, after the Kevolution, a feature inalmost every English fleet. Machines, or internals, were alsointroduced for a time as substitutes for the older fireships, butwere soon discredited. Some notice of these will be found in thesucceeding chapters.^ The policy illustrated by the Navigation Act of the Common-wealth was persisted in under Charles II. In 1660,- an Act waspassed providing that all colonial produce should be exported inEnfyhsh vessels ; that no man might establish himself as a factor
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade189, booksubjectgreatbritainroyalnavy
