. Science of railways . Fig. 21. Fig. 22. Utica Capsular Spring. Utica Capsular Spring. box, capsular in form, with the circumferences of thetwo heads (A A) flanged and locked together (in thelarger form) in an elastic band (B) at a point aboveand below the spring heads themselves. This fasten-ing thus acts as a hinge joint. It should be noticedthat this Utica spring has two heads, while the oldstyle diaphragm spring, as described in the intro-ductory remarks on gauges, has but one. Thus, theformer gives double the motion for the same move-ment of the spring. Inasmuch as the manufacturersagree
. Science of railways . Fig. 21. Fig. 22. Utica Capsular Spring. Utica Capsular Spring. box, capsular in form, with the circumferences of thetwo heads (A A) flanged and locked together (in thelarger form) in an elastic band (B) at a point aboveand below the spring heads themselves. This fasten-ing thus acts as a hinge joint. It should be noticedthat this Utica spring has two heads, while the oldstyle diaphragm spring, as described in the intro-ductory remarks on gauges, has but one. Thus, theformer gives double the motion for the same move-ment of the spring. Inasmuch as the manufacturersagree to replace anysteam gauge whichshows a crackedspring-head, it needscarcely be said thatgreat care is taken inthe selection of metaland in the making ofthese springs. Fig. 23 shows aUtica locomotivesteam gauge partiallysectioned in order to illustrate its internal. Utica Locomotive Steam Gauge. 206 LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. mechanism. A bell crank bears against the top ofthe upper spring head. The pressure within thespring causes the heads to bulge and bear against thiscrank, which is joined by means of light lever con-nections with the pointer, thus indicating the pres-sure. THE DUPLEX AIR BRAKE GAUGE. The Air Brake Gauge is an essential part of theautomatic brake system. It records two pressures,namely, that in tho main reservoir and that in thetrain line. K will be noted that the hands indicatingthese pressures are of different colors, that for thereservoir pressure being red and that for the train linepressure black. The difference between these twopressures is the excess pressure in the reservoir overthat in the train line, and it is important that thisexcess should always be at least twenty or twenty-fivepounds. The location of the air gauge on the loco-motive is shown in the plate The American TypeLocomotive, part rvumbered 207.* The duplex
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