Insect pests of farm, garden and orchard . is not hot enough to killthem at once. By this method large areas of peas have been savedfrom destruction, but it was found that where the soil was moistit would form small clods after cultivation and that the aphideswould merely crawl out from under them. To meet this difficulty Professor Johnson devised a pan intowhich the aphides might be brushed and destroyed. This pan is mod-elled after the hopper-dozers used in the West for catching grass-hoppers, and consists of a long, shallow pan, the width of the dis-tance between the rows and 5 or 6 inches
Insect pests of farm, garden and orchard . is not hot enough to killthem at once. By this method large areas of peas have been savedfrom destruction, but it was found that where the soil was moistit would form small clods after cultivation and that the aphideswould merely crawl out from under them. To meet this difficulty Professor Johnson devised a pan intowhich the aphides might be brushed and destroyed. This pan is mod-elled after the hopper-dozers used in the West for catching grass-hoppers, and consists of a long, shallow pan, the width of the dis-tance between the rows and 5 or 6 inches deep. A little water is INSECTS INJURIOUS TO BEANS AND PEAS 327 placed in the bottom and covered with a film of kerosene. Thepan is drawn between the rows while a boy on each side brushesthe aphides into it with a branch as shown in Fig. 235. The pansare easily made from galvanized iron and may be operated atsmall cost. Though the above methods will destroy quantities of theaphides and thus prevent the destruction of the crop, they do not. Fig. —Showing the structure of pan and use of it with brushes againstthe pea louse. This field was saved by its use. (After W, G. Johnson.) dislodge the young aphides in the terminals, and therefore cannotbe relied upon to prevent all injury. Practical field tests haveshown that this may be done by spraying with whale-oil soap, Ipound to 6 gallons of water. In small gardens this may be appliedby means of bucket or knapsack pumps, and on small acreageswith a barrel sprayer with a row-sprajing attachment having noz-zles arranged so that the vines will be thoroughly coveied fromeach side. The spray must be applied with considerable pressure 328 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD so as to force it into the terminals. For large fields a Xew Jerseygrower devised a traction sprayer covering three rows * whichapplied the material at a cost of an acre for labor and be effective spraying should ho commenced as soon as ap
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