. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography By altimetric means it should be possible to measure storm surge elevations to ±1 m in a storm system on a target-of-opportunity basis, along a single subsatellite track [Apel and Siry, 19741. It should be recognized that the space- time coincidence of storm and satellite is a low probability event, however. Tsunamis. Tsunamis are seismically excited long-length ocean waves capable of great damage. Their peak-to-trough amplitudes in midocean have ne
. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography By altimetric means it should be possible to measure storm surge elevations to ±1 m in a storm system on a target-of-opportunity basis, along a single subsatellite track [Apel and Siry, 19741. It should be recognized that the space- time coincidence of storm and satellite is a low probability event, however. Tsunamis. Tsunamis are seismically excited long-length ocean waves capable of great damage. Their peak-to-trough amplitudes in midocean have never been measured but theoretically should be of order lh m; wavelengths are a few hundred kilometers, and the disturbance ultimately fills an entire ocean basin. As they approach shore, the amplitude may increase to tens of meters. Assessing the energy con- tent of a tsunami is a difficult task, and thus much overwarning results. In principle, altimetric measure- ments could yield a tsunami amplitude to ±25 cm and a wavelength to ±20% in the open ocean on a target-of-opportunity basis along a subsatellite track. This is again a low-probability ob- servation \Apel and Siry, 19741. Beach and shoal dynamics. Waves and currents erode and build shorelines and shallow water features. Base line data on shoreline and shoal con- figurations allow assessment of changes due to wave action. By using an imaging radar it should be possible under storm conditions to image shorelines and shoal waters with resolutions down to 25 m with image centers located to ±500 m over swath widths of up to 100 km on a selected basis near the conti- nental Unites States. High-resolu- tion optical and near-infrared imag- ery taken at several wavelengths (such as will be available from the Landsat 4 thematic mapper) can yield data on subsurface conditions as well under clear skies. Shallow-water charting and bathymetry. The positioning of newly formed or poorly charted shoals and some assessment of their
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