Islam, a challenge to faith; studies on the Mohammedan religion and the needs and opportunities of the Mohammedan world from the standpoint of Christian missions . ort of mira-cle-play to commemorate the death of Hassan and Husain,the sons of Ali; they also allow Miitaa, or temporarymarriages, and differ in liturgical practice and in civillaw from the orthodox on many points. With the Shiahs extremes meet, says Mr. WilfredS. Blunt. No Moslems more readily adapt themselvesto the superficial atheisms of Europe than do the Persians,and none are more ardently devout, as all who have wit-nessed the
Islam, a challenge to faith; studies on the Mohammedan religion and the needs and opportunities of the Mohammedan world from the standpoint of Christian missions . ort of mira-cle-play to commemorate the death of Hassan and Husain,the sons of Ali; they also allow Miitaa, or temporarymarriages, and differ in liturgical practice and in civillaw from the orthodox on many points. With the Shiahs extremes meet, says Mr. WilfredS. Blunt. No Moslems more readily adapt themselvesto the superficial atheisms of Europe than do the Persians,and none are more ardently devout, as all who have wit-nessed the miracle-play of the two Imams will be obligedto admit. Extremes, too, of morality are seen, fierceasceticisms and gross licentiousness. By no sect of Islamis the duty of a pilgrimage more religiously observed orthe prayers and ablutions required by their rule per-formed with a stricter ritual. But the very pilgrims whogo on foot to Mecca scruple not to drink wine there, andPersian morality is everywhere a by-word.^ The Shiah sect does not number much over twelve mil- ^E. Sell, The Faith of Islam. 2Future of Islam, quoted in Hughes Dictionary of Islam, DIVISION, DISINTEGR-\TION AND REFORM 14! lion. Outside of Persia they are found chiefly in Mes-opotamia and India, with a few in Syria and Afghanistan. Other Sects.—The Ghana sect of Shiahs exceeded allbounds in their veneration for their Imams, and raisedthem to deity. The Abadiyah hold Ali alone to have beendivine, and practically worship him as such. Among the subdivisions of the Khavvariji sect there arethose who believe that God is indifferent to the actionsof men as if He were in a state of sleep. Others who re-quire a complete bath five times a day before prayer isconsidered legal! Another sect holds that there is nopunishment for sin, and still another holds the transmi-gration of souls! The Jabariyah sect, with its twelve minor divisions,deny free-will. Some of them say that inasmuch as Goddoeth everything and ev
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