. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. THE MARINE SAND-DWELLING CILIATES OF CAPE COD E. FAURE-FREMIET College de France, Paris, and Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass. MARINE SANDS AND PSAMMOPHILOUS CILIATES It is well known that the marine sands between the tidemarks, or deeper along the seashore, constitute some quite peculiar and interesting biotopes. With regard to their fauna, one can distinguish the sand-boring animals of large or small size and, on the other hand, the very minute ones which live in the intergranular spaces of the sand and const
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. THE MARINE SAND-DWELLING CILIATES OF CAPE COD E. FAURE-FREMIET College de France, Paris, and Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass. MARINE SANDS AND PSAMMOPHILOUS CILIATES It is well known that the marine sands between the tidemarks, or deeper along the seashore, constitute some quite peculiar and interesting biotopes. With regard to their fauna, one can distinguish the sand-boring animals of large or small size and, on the other hand, the very minute ones which live in the intergranular spaces of the sand and constitute an "interstitial" microfauna. This interstitial microfauna, or mesopsammon, includes, besides numerous copepods, nematodes, gastrotrichs, etc., many protozoa and most particularly nu- merous ciliates. Kahl (1933, 1935) has recorded more than 80 ciliate species, belonging to about 20 different families, from the sandy bottoms of Kiel and Helgoland. I found many of these infusorian species and some new ones in the sand of the tidal zone of different beaches in Brittany (Faure-Fremiet, 1950). This result ties up with some other dispersed data and agrees with a general statement of Calkins (1933) who emphasizes the cosmopolitan distribution of the marine littoral proto- zoan species. But, from an ecological point of view, it can be noted that the size of the intergranular spaces acts as a selective factor in the distribution of the inter- stitial The intergranular spaces may be roughly estimated from the dimensions of the solid grains which bound them; a comparison of the granulometric curves plotted for different kinds of sand with the associated interstitial fauna leads one to distin- guish in the fauna two different types of ciliates. If the mean size of the sand grains exceeds mm., the interstitial ciliate fauna includes some characteristic sand-living species and some occasionally sand-dwelling infusorians which are much more numerous. The charac
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
