. California fish and game. Fisheries -- California; Game and game-birds -- California; Fishes -- California; Animal Population Groups; Pêches; Gibier; Poissons. VENTRAL VIEW Fig. 41. Diagram of fore feet of muskrat illustrating the toe clipping formula. Animals were catalogued as 12, 32, etc. The problem of catching muskrats uninjured for tagging and band- ing proved to be a complex one. Twenty-five rodent live traps were borrowed from the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service but they were unsatis- factory. The trigger apparatus on the outside of the trap was easily fouled by the surrounding veget
. California fish and game. Fisheries -- California; Game and game-birds -- California; Fishes -- California; Animal Population Groups; Pêches; Gibier; Poissons. VENTRAL VIEW Fig. 41. Diagram of fore feet of muskrat illustrating the toe clipping formula. Animals were catalogued as 12, 32, etc. The problem of catching muskrats uninjured for tagging and band- ing proved to be a complex one. Twenty-five rodent live traps were borrowed from the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service but they were unsatis- factory. The trigger apparatus on the outside of the trap was easily fouled by the surrounding vegetation used in concealing the trap. The traps were constantly sprung by ducks, geese, rails, and other birds as well as by muskrats that were transporting new materials to the tops of the houses. Baits were found of no value in enticing muskrats into the traps. In 410 trap nights only eight muskrats were captured alive in the live traps. In several cases muskrats died in these traps during the night before they could be visited in the morning. Victor Oneida No. 1 steel traps were tried and found to be even less satisfactory. As a rule the animal would either drown or "wring off" if left in the trap for more than one or two hours. In one instance 15 steel traps were set at one o 'clock in the morning and revisited again at eight o'clock the same morning. During this time one muskrat had died in a trap and three others had succeeded in wringing out of the traps by twisting off their legs. The tagging technique used is a modification of one developed in Iowa (Errington, 1937). Errington used aluminum bands which he passed through the loose skin of the back between the fore shoulders. He found that these often caused local infection of the injured tissue. In the present study a waterproof plastic button was threaded through the loose skin of the back with a flexible steel needle and secured with another button. The needle was bent in an arc so the buttons laid flat agains
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