. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. LECTURES. ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES. By FAIRMAN ROGERS, PROFESSOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. [Continued from Appendix to Report of 1860, p. 150 ] All the structiTres for spanning openings which we have thus far considered, have been so arranged that portions of them are subjected to a tensile strain ; the materials used in them are adapted to resist such a strain, and also to receive such fastenings or conn
. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. LECTURES. ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES. By FAIRMAN ROGERS, PROFESSOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. [Continued from Appendix to Report of 1860, p. 150 ] All the structiTres for spanning openings which we have thus far considered, have been so arranged that portions of them are subjected to a tensile strain ; the materials used in them are adapted to resist such a strain, and also to receive such fastenings or connexions as will enable them safely to transmit the forces applied. The building material, however, which is most universally at our disposal, stone, although it is admirably fitted to bear a compres- sive force, is not adapted to resist tensile strain, and in making use of it in bridge-building we must apply it in such form and such a manner as to overcome this difficulty. If we have two pieces of stone, neither long enough nor strong enough to span an opening in the way of an ordinary beam, we may arrange them as shown in Figure 43, preventing them from separating below by the tie rod A B. Should it be desirable that the space between the stones or tim- bers be left without any encumbrance, the tie rod A B may be re- placed by two abutments, so firmly seated on the ground that the thrust of the struc- ture will not be sufficient to push them apart or to over- turn them, as in Figure 44, where the reaction of the ground takes the place of the tension rod. Now, if it be necessary to. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Smithsonian Institution. Board of Regents; United States National Museum. Report of the U. S. National Museum; Smithsonian Institution. Report of the Secretary. Washington : Smithson
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