Diagnostic methods, chemical, bacteriological and microscopical, a text-book for students and practitioners . itis, and tubercular cavity formation. The tricho-monas is probably identical with the trichomonas vaginalis or intestinalis. * Jour. Am. Med. Assn., 1911, LVII, 1501; also, Schlegel, Kolle and WassermannsHandb. d. path. Mikroorg., 1912, V, 301. * These are probably identical with the endameba? gingivalis found in the mouth in cases ofpyorrhea. (See next chapter.) THE SPUTUM. 29 (c). Cestodes. Not infrequently the lung is the seat of infection with the taenia echinococcus. ^In such cas
Diagnostic methods, chemical, bacteriological and microscopical, a text-book for students and practitioners . itis, and tubercular cavity formation. The tricho-monas is probably identical with the trichomonas vaginalis or intestinalis. * Jour. Am. Med. Assn., 1911, LVII, 1501; also, Schlegel, Kolle and WassermannsHandb. d. path. Mikroorg., 1912, V, 301. * These are probably identical with the endameba? gingivalis found in the mouth in cases ofpyorrhea. (See next chapter.) THE SPUTUM. 29 (c). Cestodes. Not infrequently the lung is the seat of infection with the taenia echinococcus. ^In such cases various foreign bodies, such as fragments of membranes, scolices,booklets, and cysts, may be found in the sputum. Such formations may, also,be found in cases of liver abscess perforating into the lung. Any one of theabove formations is characteristic of this condition. The parasite will be dis-cussed fully in the section on Feces, to which the reader is referred. The sputum in such cases is usually purulent or mucopurulent and maybe tinged with blood. This sputum may be expectorated over a long period. Fig. 10.—Paragonimus westermanii; (ventral view); 10 Xi. ^, oral sucker; B, ceca;D, acetabulum; E, genital pore; F, uterus; G, ovary; H, testicles; I, vitelline glands;K, excretory canal; L, excretory pore. {Tyson after Braun.) of time and may even contain tubercle bacilli from a coexistent distinguishing point between the sputum of pulmonary echinococcus diseaseand that of a perforating liver abscess is that the sputum in the latter is usuallybile stained. 2 id). Trematodes. The most common of this class of animal parasites is the ordinary lung fluke, which has been called also distoma pulmonale, distoma Westermanii, distoma Ringeri, and Paragonimus Westermanii. The eggs of this parasite are much more frequently found in the sputum than are the parasites them- * See Filia, Pensiero med., 1914, IV, 741; also, Ortali, Gazz. d. osp., 1915, XXXVI, 225.^ See Maliw
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