DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Anatomic model of the digestive tract of an adult human body (anterior view). The esophagus (in tan) brings the alimentary bolus to the upper part of the stomach (in nude), the cardia. In the body of the stomach, the food is stored and mixed with enzymes in order to reduce it in a semiliquid substance, the chyme. The food passes then across the pylorus, portion of the stomach making the junction with the small intestine. The latter begins with the duodenum (in nude), continues with the jejunum (in peach) then the ileum (in nude). The main steps of the digestion and the absorption of water and nutrients take place here. The digestive tract ends with the large intestine, bordering the numerous convolutions of the small intestine. The large intestine includes the caecum (in dark orange, at the left of the picture), the colon (in brown), the rectum (in dark orange) and the anus, controling the evacuation of feces. The vermiform appendix (in brown), diverticulum extending from the caecum, is a frequent point of inflammation. The colon is composed of the ascending (in the right abdominal side), transverse (horizontally), descending (left abdominal side) and sigmoid (not visible here) colons. The bacteria residing in the colon perform the last step of the digestion, doing the fermentation of the carbohydrates of the chyme and the decomposition of the residual molecules. The duodenum, caecum and rectum are opened to see the structure of their walls. The liver (in burgundy) has been turned in order to visualize the gallbladder (in ochre) lying on its posterior side. The liver cells notably produced the bile, which is then concentrated and stored in the gallbladder. The bile is next released into the duodenum, where it contributes to the lipid absorption. The pancreas (in tan) is located under the greater curvature of the stomach; it is linked to the duodenum through two ducts, pouring out the pancreatic juice that brings digestive enzymes. The pancreas also secretes the
Size: 2365px × 3630px
Photo credit: © GOUNOT/3B SCIENTIFIC / BSIP / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
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