Essentials of United States history . APTER X THE COLONIES ALIENATED 107. Results of the French War.—The war had been agreat expense both to England and to the colonies. It hadcost the Americans more than ten million dollars and the livesof thirty thousand men. The drain had been excessive, butthe colonies had learned some valuable lessons. The sons of Massachusetts and Virginia, ofConnecticut and South Carolina,had fought side by side. ColonialThey had come to re- Confidence,spect each other, and the jealousiesbetween them, which before thewar had been so common, hadgreatly diminished. Then,
Essentials of United States history . APTER X THE COLONIES ALIENATED 107. Results of the French War.—The war had been agreat expense both to England and to the colonies. It hadcost the Americans more than ten million dollars and the livesof thirty thousand men. The drain had been excessive, butthe colonies had learned some valuable lessons. The sons of Massachusetts and Virginia, ofConnecticut and South Carolina,had fought side by side. ColonialThey had come to re- Confidence,spect each other, and the jealousiesbetween them, which before thewar had been so common, hadgreatly diminished. Then, too,they had acquired experience in theart of war. Moreover, at the closeof the war the people realized thatwith France driven from the conti-nent and Spain confined beyond the Mississippi River, theyno,longer needed the strong arm of tin1 mother country forprotection. Thus they had gained in self-confidence. Up tothis time, however, the colonies had remained loyal to Eng-land. The people considered themselves English. They did ion. Ensign Carhied by NewEngland Ships. THE COLONIES ALIENATED 101 not wish to be otherwise, though Great Britain had often-times severely tried their patience. 108. Colonial Commerce. — When John Winthrop cameto Massachusetts Bay, he brought with him one WilliamStephens who, it was said, would have been a precious jewelto any state that obtained him. Stephens was a skilledship-builder and under his guidance the colonists began tobuild vessels of all sizes, some of which were large New Eng-enough to carry four hundred tons. The soil of New land was dry and unfertile, and since the people couldhardly gain a living from it, of necessity they turned theirattention to some other mode of livelihood. AccordinglyNew England became the carrier for the colonies and herships were found in every port or moored at the wharves ofthe Southern planters. The vessels took rice, tobacco, tar,fine timber, furs, and fish to England, and brought back inret
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