. Birds of Massachusetts and other New England states. Birds; Birds. RAILS 363 notes when heard will identify it, but a sagacious bird dog is usually required to take it or at least to assist in its capture. Economic Status. See page 351. Crex crex (Linnaeus). Corn Crake. Other names: creak; European land Description. — Bill short like that of Black Rail. Adult: Above, grayish-brown or light drab, con- spicuously striped black; wings reddish or chestnut with indistinct white cross-spots on larger coverts; linings of wings and axillars soft cinnamon, former edged white; head ashy-gray wi
. Birds of Massachusetts and other New England states. Birds; Birds. RAILS 363 notes when heard will identify it, but a sagacious bird dog is usually required to take it or at least to assist in its capture. Economic Status. See page 351. Crex crex (Linnaeus). Corn Crake. Other names: creak; European land Description. — Bill short like that of Black Rail. Adult: Above, grayish-brown or light drab, con- spicuously striped black; wings reddish or chestnut with indistinct white cross-spots on larger coverts; linings of wings and axillars soft cinnamon, former edged white; head ashy-gray with indistinct stripe of grayish-blue running from near bill above and behind eye; top of head like back; throat, belly and region about vent white; fore neck and breast pale drab, tinged gray; sides and under tail-coverts cross-barred buffy-brown and white; bill dusky or pale brownish; iris brown; legs and feet bluish flesh color. Young: Similar, but no gray on head. Downy young: Dark sooty-brown; head blackish; bill dusky. Measurements. — Length about to in.; spread to ; folded wing to ; tail about ; bill .80 to ; tarsus to Molts. — Apparently there is a partial molt of juvenal feathers beginning in September after which young bird becomes as adult; adult has partial postnuptial molt (December to March) and complete molt in August and September. Field Marks. — Size larger than Sora. When in its grassy coverts difficult to distinguish, but if forced to fly its yellowish or buffy body plumage and chestnut wings are unmistakable. Voice. — A creak; a "low guttural sound" when disturbed; call of the male a "loud rasping dis- syllabic and long maintained aerp-aerp, uttered in spring and early summer by day and night; other notes growling and grunting cries" (Witherby's Handbook of British Birds). Breeding. — In grass, grain or clover. Nest: On ground. Eggs: 5 to 8; to by to in.; li
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