. The diagnosis and treatment of diseases of women. o have never been pregnant, thenormal cervix has the shape of arounded cone about one inch wide, andprojects into the vagina from ^ tof of an inch. The external os is smalland round, and is at the flattened apex of the cone. In certain abnormal cases, the cervix is very long (an inch to an inch and a half)and pointed. This condition is known as conical cervix. It is frequently accom-panied by a very small external os (pinhole os), and is one cause of sterility. In women who have borne children, the cervix is larger and broader and compar-ativ
. The diagnosis and treatment of diseases of women. o have never been pregnant, thenormal cervix has the shape of arounded cone about one inch wide, andprojects into the vagina from ^ tof of an inch. The external os is smalland round, and is at the flattened apex of the cone. In certain abnormal cases, the cervix is very long (an inch to an inch and a half)and pointed. This condition is known as conical cervix. It is frequently accom-panied by a very small external os (pinhole os), and is one cause of sterility. In women who have borne children, the cervix is larger and broader and compar-atively shorter. The os is a transverse slit and is irregular in shape and may belarge enough to admit the finger-tip. There are usually small scars and irregulardepressions from lacerations in labor. When_the cervix has been severely lacerated,there may be two or three distkn^Tijp^N ^Sf^I^>4i ^^Yf o^ account of chronicinflammation, become enlarged/^Two or three timd^^normal size and may befelt as an irregular ball at the tpp of ifhe. vagina. \\ Fig. 62. Indicating the amount of possible eversionof anal tissues when the pelvic floor is lax. (Dudley —Practice of Gynecoloc/;/.) VARIOUS POINTS CONCERNING THE CERVIX UTERI 51 Consistency. The normal cervix is like hard connective tissue, almost as hardas tendon. Its consistency is closely approached by that of the end of the finger,when firmly pressed upon. During pregnancy the cervix softens, the softeningbeginning at the lower end and gradually involving more and more as pregnancyadvances. The softening is so marked that the softened portion is sometimesmissed entirely, the cervix being apparently simply shortened. This is what gaverise to the former idea that the cervix became gradually shortened as pregnancyadvanced. The softened portion feels like thick velvet or a fold of vaginal wall, asit slips back and forth beneath the examining finger. It is hard to describe satis-factorily, but when once felt is easily recognized af
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