. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. SCROPHULARINEAE 227 large-flowered variety (= E. Rostkoviana Hayne) the same kind of automatic self- pollination occurs, by means of further growth of the corolla-tube, as he has described in the case of Rhinanthus hirsutus and R. angustifolius (cf. pp. 219, 220). This applies also to Euphrasia tricuspidata L. and E. versicolor A. Kern. Darwin (' Cross Fertilisation,' p. 368) found E. officinalis fertile by automatic self-pollination. Flower visitors natural
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. SCROPHULARINEAE 227 large-flowered variety (= E. Rostkoviana Hayne) the same kind of automatic self- pollination occurs, by means of further growth of the corolla-tube, as he has described in the case of Rhinanthus hirsutus and R. angustifolius (cf. pp. 219, 220). This applies also to Euphrasia tricuspidata L. and E. versicolor A. Kern. Darwin (' Cross Fertilisation,' p. 368) found E. officinalis fertile by automatic self-pollination. Flower visitors naturally prefer the forms possessing large flowers of striking colour and secreting abundant nectar. Visitors.—Herm. Miiller observed the following, all skg.— A. Diptera. (a) Bombyliidae: i. Systoechus sulphureus Mik. (3) Syrphidae 2. Melithreptus taeniatus Mg.; 3. Syrphus sp. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae 4. Apis mellifica L. 5, freq.; 5. Bombus agrorum F. y^; 6. B. pratorum L. 5 7. Halictus minutissimus K. 5, creeping right into the flowers ; 8. Nomada lateralis Alfken gives the following list.— Juist—A. Diptera. Syrphidae: i. Syrphus ribesii L. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 2. Bombus lapidarius L. 5, skg.; 3. B. muscorum F. 5, do.; 4. CoUetes impunctatus iV>'/., rare, skg.; 5. C. marginatusZ., freq., po-cltg. and skg.; 6. Epeolus variegatus L. Bremen, 3 humble-bees, skg.— i. Bombus hortorum Z. 5; 2. B. muscorum F. 5, 5 and S; 3. B. lapidarius Z. 5. The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated.— Knuth (Rom), the honey-bee and a hover-fly (Helophilus pendulus Z.); (Thuringia), the humble-bee Bombus soroensis F., var. proteus Gerst. 5. Hoffer (Steiermark), the parasitic bee Psithyrus rupestris F. 5. Friese (Innsbruck), the bee Hahctoides paradoxus Mor. 5 (in the large-flowered variety), von Dalla Torre (Tyrol), 2 humble-bees—Bombus agrorum F., and B. soroensis F. (also by Schletterer in the Tyrol). Herm. Miiller (Alps, in the large-flowered fo
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