. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 80 H. Ralhjcn one third of the country is part of a semi-arid to humid savannah beh. The visited localities (see Fig. 1) Bamako (12°39' N, 7°58' W), Bla (12°56' N, 5°45' W), Bandiagara (14°20' N, 3°36' W) and Ireli (14°34' N, 3°15' W) are situated south of the Niger river. They are part of the sub-Sahalien belt with a semi-arid Sudan savannah vegetation. The capital Bamako is situated on the banks of the Niger river and is located in dense tree-savannah. The natural
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 80 H. Ralhjcn one third of the country is part of a semi-arid to humid savannah beh. The visited localities (see Fig. 1) Bamako (12°39' N, 7°58' W), Bla (12°56' N, 5°45' W), Bandiagara (14°20' N, 3°36' W) and Ireli (14°34' N, 3°15' W) are situated south of the Niger river. They are part of the sub-Sahalien belt with a semi-arid Sudan savannah vegetation. The capital Bamako is situated on the banks of the Niger river and is located in dense tree-savannah. The natural vegetation of Bla, Ireli and Bandiagara is an open tree-savanna seriously affected by human activities. Over- grazing and the demand for wood are the reasons for the destruction of the natural forests. During the dry winter season there is little rainfall. Hence the soil is sparsely covered with vegetation. Bees and other nectar and pollen collecting animals depend on the presence of flowering plants. During the winter, bees concentrate on blooming trees and bushes like Guiera senegalensis, Citrus spp., Mangifera indica and Acacia spp. Therefore a lot of Hymenoptera species could be observed and collected near human settlements in gardens and at watering Fig. 1: Map of Mali showing the localities mentioned in the text. 1 - Bamako, 2 - Bla, 3 - Bandiagara, 4 - Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig. Bonn : Das Forschungsinstitut
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