. Electric railway journal . ally welded in place,proper registration of the cap in position is insured 1132 Electric Railway Journal Vol. 55, No. 23 and vibration is prevented. In addition, a stud bolt isused in place of the cap bolt formerly employed, thestud being pinned in place to prevent loosening. As anextra insurance against loosening, castle nuts and cotterpins are used in clamping down the cap, and, as pre-viously mentioned, at each inspection special attentionis given to tightening up these bearings. In passing, it may be said that formerly vibration ofthe caps caused considerable w
. Electric railway journal . ally welded in place,proper registration of the cap in position is insured 1132 Electric Railway Journal Vol. 55, No. 23 and vibration is prevented. In addition, a stud bolt isused in place of the cap bolt formerly employed, thestud being pinned in place to prevent loosening. As anextra insurance against loosening, castle nuts and cotterpins are used in clamping down the cap, and, as pre-viously mentioned, at each inspection special attentionis given to tightening up these bearings. In passing, it may be said that formerly vibration ofthe caps caused considerable wear of the bolts, whichwere the main dependence for holding the caps in keying eliminated all wear on the bolts. Good Use Made of Electric Welding Another practice which has produced wonderful re-sults is the welding of hub liners on the wheel hubs in-side the gear seat, to limit end play of the motors. Thegrinding effect of the sand causes excessive clearanceand difficulty has been experienced in controlling SUSPENDED PLATFORM FOR W^ORK ON PANTO-GRAPHS, ETC. At first the attempt was made to screw the hub linersin place, and later to spot-weld them, but both withoutgreat success. Now the steel liner, of the necessarythickness, usually about 2 in. and made in two sectionsso that it can be placed without removal of a wheel, iswelded around the edge by means of the electric illustrations are reproduced to show the processand the result. Mention has been made of axle wear. The axle bear-ings cut into the axle and in time form shoulders whichwear the end of the bearings and prevent normal endplay. This tends to aggravate the wear on both bear-ing and axle. To prevent the formation of the shoulder,the centers of the axles are being cut down below theminimum to which the parts within the bearing areallowed, to wear. The result has been the eliminationof a very troublesome item in maintenance. In addition to rehabilitation of motors, a program ofimprovement of
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