. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . 120" 140° 160° 180" 160° 140° 120° Figure 23-1. The cruise track of R/V Hakuho Mam in summer of 1975. Numbers represent stations occupied. Oyashio/east Kamchatka current areas is the cold and less saline dichothermal layer at intermediate depth. The formation of the dichothermal water has been considered to occur first in the northeastern margin of the Bering Sea basin between Cape Olyutorsky and the Bay of Anadyr (Uda 1955, Ohtani et al. 1972). Strong clockwise eddies and curr
. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . 120" 140° 160° 180" 160° 140° 120° Figure 23-1. The cruise track of R/V Hakuho Mam in summer of 1975. Numbers represent stations occupied. Oyashio/east Kamchatka current areas is the cold and less saline dichothermal layer at intermediate depth. The formation of the dichothermal water has been considered to occur first in the northeastern margin of the Bering Sea basin between Cape Olyutorsky and the Bay of Anadyr (Uda 1955, Ohtani et al. 1972). Strong clockwise eddies and currents along the coast and the continental shelf augment the sinking of the surface water to depth, resulting in the formation of a homogeneous water layer down to 500 m with very small temperature and salinity gradients. Precipitation and radiation in the summer cause the temperature of the surface waters to rise, leading to the formation of a cold water layer at intermediate depth in the Bering Sea and adjacent areas. This dichothermal water flows from Anadyr Bay southwestward along the Kamchatka Peninsula as the east Kamchatka current and then along the Kuril Islands. Here it splits and part flows eastward as the subarctic current while the rest continues to flow southwestward as the Oyashio. A well-developed dichothermal layer with low temperature (— C) and low salinity () was found to occur in the intermediate layer at 50-311 m depth at stations 4 and 7, whUe higher values of temperature ( C) and salinity () were found at station 6. Temperature, salinity, and depth of the dichothermal water have been defined to be C, (salinity at the bottom of the halocline) at 100-300 m depth for the east Kamchatka current and C, at 100-140 m depth for the Pacific subarctic water (Ohtani et al. 1972). These results clearly indicate that stations 4 and 7 are in the east Kamchatka current, while station 6 is
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