. Chambers's encyclopedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. hinicform, Dr Williams (to whose article on Plethora,in his Principles of Medicine, we refer our readersfor further details) observes that the continued useof alterative aperients and diuretics, such as mildmercurials, with rhubarb, aloes, or senna, salinesand taraxacum, nitric acid, iodide of potassium, &c.,may prepare the way for Aarious tonics, such ascalumba, bark, and iron. He also recommends theuse of the Cheltenham, Leamington, and Lland-rindod waters ; first the saline, which are aperientand diuretic ; and a
. Chambers's encyclopedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge for the people. hinicform, Dr Williams (to whose article on Plethora,in his Principles of Medicine, we refer our readersfor further details) observes that the continued useof alterative aperients and diuretics, such as mildmercurials, with rhubarb, aloes, or senna, salinesand taraxacum, nitric acid, iodide of potassium, &c.,may prepare the way for Aarious tonics, such ascalumba, bark, and iron. He also recommends theuse of the Cheltenham, Leamington, and Lland-rindod waters ; first the saline, which are aperientand diuretic ; and afterwards the chalybeate, which,although tonic, usually contain enough of saiiue should be taken as can be borne without causingexhaustion. PLEUR.(E. Each lung is invested externallyby a very delicate serous membrane termed thepleura, which, after enclosing the whole organ,except at its root, where the great vessels enter it,is reflected upon the inner surface of the thorax orchest. That portion of the pleura which is incontact with the surface of the lung is called the. A transverse Section of the Tliorax, shewing the reflections of the Pleura, and the relative position of tlie Viscera, &c. (From days Anatomy ) 1, The visceral and, 2, the parietal layer of the , on the right Bide? 3, 3, tlie ribs; 4, 5, section of th right and left hinsrs; R, the heart; 7, the (uhnon I ry artery, dividing into the right and left ; 8, S, the rigiit and left pulmonary veins; 9, 9, the ascemiing and descending aorta, the intervening anh being cut away; in, 10, the ri-ht nnd left bronchi; 11, the oesophagus ; 12, body of dorsal vertebra; 13, the feternum. pleura pulmonalis, or visceral layer ; whilst thatwhich lines the interior of the chest is called thepleura costal is, or parietal lajer; Avhile the spaceintervening between these two layers is called thecavity of the pleura. Each, pleura, as will be atonce seen by a reference to the figure, is a closedsac, and quite independent
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