. Electric railway journal . lure on a Western line as a result of poor, judgmentof material. The line in question crossed a flat valleyhaving a soil which, while very hard when dry, lostall strength when wet. The holes, dug in dry weather,were blasted out, and the hard lumps were used asfilling without ramming. When a little later a heavyrain flooded this low land, the lumps melted down likesoaked sugar, and a long stretch of line went down,tower after tower, merely from the pull of the con-ductors. Pre-cast foundations and ground stubs are usuallyset by template. One of the best forms consis
. Electric railway journal . lure on a Western line as a result of poor, judgmentof material. The line in question crossed a flat valleyhaving a soil which, while very hard when dry, lostall strength when wet. The holes, dug in dry weather,were blasted out, and the hard lumps were used asfilling without ramming. When a little later a heavyrain flooded this low land, the lumps melted down likesoaked sugar, and a long stretch of line went down,tower after tower, merely from the pull of the con-ductors. Pre-cast foundations and ground stubs are usuallyset by template. One of the best forms consist of asquare or rectangle, having at its corners short sectionsof the same angle as is used for the tower legs andat the same inclination, together with a pair of rodsor pipes in clamps. The angle sections are drilled asare the tower legs, and extend such a distance belowthe sides of the rectangle that the tops of the sides arean even number of feet below the lowest conductor,while from diagonal braces is hung a plumb bob at. TEMPLATE FOR SETTING TOWER FOOTINGSNote paired support at each leg, now lifted, on which thetemplate is adjusted before the footings are set the center. The template is centered on the towercenter by the bob, squared with the line by centermarks on the two sides, leveled at the proper height andsupported on the adjustable rods. The template shownin an accompanying cut has pointed rods, which haveto be well driven to prevent later settlement. A flat
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookpublishernewyorkmcgrawhillp
