. Outlines of zoology. Fig. 281. —Side view of skates skull.—After W. K. Parker. , First labial cartilage; nasal capsule; , antorbiCal; palato-pterygo-quadrate; , Meckels cartilage;^ hyo-mandibular; ,, epi-hyal; , cerato-hyal; ,hypo-hyal ; , hypobranchials ; ,^ ceratobranchial; epibranchial; ^,i)r,i., first prebranchial ; , inter-hyal ;^., meta-ptefygoid ; 2, 5, 7, foramina of exit of the corre-sponding nerves. Then follow five branchial arches, each primarily four-jointed, forming the framework of the gill-bearing region. Of less imp
. Outlines of zoology. Fig. 281. —Side view of skates skull.—After W. K. Parker. , First labial cartilage; nasal capsule; , antorbiCal; palato-pterygo-quadrate; , Meckels cartilage;^ hyo-mandibular; ,, epi-hyal; , cerato-hyal; ,hypo-hyal ; , hypobranchials ; ,^ ceratobranchial; epibranchial; ^,i)r,i., first prebranchial ; , inter-hyal ;^., meta-ptefygoid ; 2, 5, 7, foramina of exit of the corre-sponding nerves. Then follow five branchial arches, each primarily four-jointed, forming the framework of the gill-bearing region. Of less importance are the labial cartilages about eachnasal capsule, an antorbital cartilage uniting the nasalcapsule with the end of the pectoral fin, and a spiracularor meta-pterygoid cartilage supporting the rudimentary gillin the spiraCle. The pectoral girdle forms an almost complete hoop of 536 PISCES—FISHES,. Fig. 282.—Skeleton of skate.—From a preparation. In the skull notice the anterior rostrum, the nasal capsules («.c.)with the antorbital cartilages projecting laterally; the palato-pterygo-quadrate cartilage ) or upper jaw; Meckels THE SKELETON. 537 cartilage attached dorsally to the crest of the vertebral ventral region is distinguished as the coracoid, and isseparated from the dorsal or scapular region by three facets,to which the three basal pieces of the pectoral fin are separated portion of the girdle forms the supra-scapula,which connects the scapula with the crest of the vertebralplate. Of the three basal pieces of the fin, the anterior orpropterygium and the posterior or metapterygium arelarge, the median or mesopterygium is small. All bearjointed radials, which are parts of the endoskeleton; afew radials articulate directly with the shoulder-girdle (seeFig. 282). The true fin-rays, comparable to the dermalrays in the fins of Bony Fishes, are represe
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidcu3192, booksubjectzoology
