. How to sex cage birds (British and foreign) . h longer in proportion to the others than in the male. The Twite (Acanthis Jlavirostris). The female shows no rose-red on the rump as in the breeding-plumage of the male; the skull and beak, and probably the outlineof the wings, differ as in the Linnet. The Lesser Redpoll [Acanthis rufescens). The female is smaller than the male; the rump and breast withoutthe rose-red of the male in the breeding-plumage; the upper partsslightly darker, and the under parts more prominently streaked; theskull and base of beak broader. The Mealy Redpoll (Acanthis l
. How to sex cage birds (British and foreign) . h longer in proportion to the others than in the male. The Twite (Acanthis Jlavirostris). The female shows no rose-red on the rump as in the breeding-plumage of the male; the skull and beak, and probably the outlineof the wings, differ as in the Linnet. The Lesser Redpoll [Acanthis rufescens). The female is smaller than the male; the rump and breast withoutthe rose-red of the male in the breeding-plumage; the upper partsslightly darker, and the under parts more prominently streaked; theskull and base of beak broader. The Mealy Redpoll (Acanthis linaria). The female is smaller than the male; shows no rose-colour on therump, throat, or breast; the upper parts are darker, the under partsmore streaked; the skull and base of beak broader. The Goldfinch (Carduelis elegans). The female is smaller than the male, and altogether duller incolouring. The male, however, varies more in size than the female,but invariably has longer wings, owing to the better development of 40 How to Sex Cage WINGS OF GOLDFINCH, TO SHOW SEXUAL DIFFERENCES IN SIZE,LENGTH OF PRIMARIES, AND PATTERN. the second to fifth primaries, counting from the front (the firstprimary being short and only visible when sought for with a needle).The beak of the male is wider at the base, more swollen towards themiddle, is slightly longer, and when viewed in profile has perhaps astraighter culmen or ridge. With regard to plumage, the white portions are all purer, lessstained with brown than in the hen. The rump is white, frequentlymore or less varied with bunish-sienna, whereas in the hen it is British Fringillinae. 41 always varied with mouse-brown, and sometimes wholly of thatcolour. The wings are blacker in the cock; blue-black, sometimestouched with bronzy green at base, whereas in the hen they arerusty black; the wing-belt is narcissus-yellow in adult cocks,primrose-yellow in adult hens, but of the same tint in Greypates;the hinder portion of this belt is n
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