. British Central Africa; an attempt to give some account of a portion of the territories under British influence north of the Zambezi. Natural history. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 39 Similar fluctuations are recorded of Tanganyika; while in the case of Bangweolo and Mweru fluctuations of level would also seem to occur in cycles. The differences between Livingstone's map of Bangweolo and the map made by Giraud, the observations of Mr. Joseph Thomson, Mr. Alfred Sharpe, and Mr. Poulett Weatherley of the same lake may all be reconciled by this theory of a few feet fluctuation in its rise and fall. A few
. British Central Africa; an attempt to give some account of a portion of the territories under British influence north of the Zambezi. Natural history. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 39 Similar fluctuations are recorded of Tanganyika; while in the case of Bangweolo and Mweru fluctuations of level would also seem to occur in cycles. The differences between Livingstone's map of Bangweolo and the map made by Giraud, the observations of Mr. Joseph Thomson, Mr. Alfred Sharpe, and Mr. Poulett Weatherley of the same lake may all be reconciled by this theory of a few feet fluctuation in its rise and fall. A few feet, more or less, would make the vast lake of M. Giraud the " restricted open water" of Livingstone, and the wide marsh with a few open pools conjectured by Sharpe and Of course the average rainfall I have quoted must not be taken as the rainfall of each part of British Central xAfrica. So far as our observations go some districts receive no more than 35 inches per These again, especially if they contain mountains of great height like Mianje, may record a rainfall exceeding 100 inches. A rainfall of 60 inches is common. .^V« -—>«*»> -. PINDA MOUNTAIN AND I'INIiA MARSH. LOWER SHIRE In consequence of this fairly good supply of rain the country is well watered by perennial streams and rivers. At the extreme end of the dry season there are streams which dry up though water can almost always be found a short distance below the surface. Still compared to other parts of East Central Africa the bulk of our rivers and rivulets may be described as perennial, that is to say containing running water all the year round. This is not suprising as so much of the country is mountainous and in these highlands the rain is spread a little less unequally over the area. It may safely be said that above altitudes of 4000 feet (and a large proportion of the land is above 4000 feet) no month passes without a fall of rain. Even at Zomba where the altitude is only
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