. Annual report of the Michigan Academy of Science. Michigan Academy of Science; Science -- Michigan; Plants -- Michigan. THE TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF MICHIGAN. 161 pensable to those who seek to learn the laws governing our physical environment. CONTOUR TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS. In searching for methods by means of which the relief of any region may be represented on a plane surface, resort has been made to various devices, such as brush shading, shading by means of short inclined lines or hachiires, continuous lines drawn through points having the same ele- vation or contours, etc. Of these various meth
. Annual report of the Michigan Academy of Science. Michigan Academy of Science; Science -- Michigan; Plants -- Michigan. THE TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF MICHIGAN. 161 pensable to those who seek to learn the laws governing our physical environment. CONTOUR TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS. In searching for methods by means of which the relief of any region may be represented on a plane surface, resort has been made to various devices, such as brush shading, shading by means of short inclined lines or hachiires, continuous lines drawn through points having the same ele- vation or contours, etc. Of these various methods, the last mentioned, namely, the use of contour lines, has by long experience and especially when the question of expense is considered, been found the most satis- factory by the majority of geographers. The contour topographic map is without question the map of the future. By means of lines drawn through all points represented on a map, hav- ing the same elevation or the same depression in reference to the assumed datum plane, the shape of the surface in question may be accuratly por- trayed. Such lines are termed contours, and a map on which relief is shown by this method, becomes a contour topographic map. Contour lines are few or many, according to the horizontal scale of a map, and the degree of completeness with which it is practicable to indicate the relief of the surface represented. The vertical distance between two adjacent contour lines, or the contour interval, may be any measure, as for example, ten, or one hundred feet. By this method not only can the elevation of any point included on a map which is crossed by a contour. Ideal Sketch and Corresponding Contour Map. line, be read at a glance, but the elevation of any ])oint between two adjacent lines may be judged with a close approximation to Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these
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