. Bulletin. Natural history; Natural history. September 1985 125 Years of Biological Research 287 00 Q. p= O) ^ u iâ <U E 4-' O CL 3 O CT O) .^^ L_ *-> o â t-J ^^ O o O) J3 c: a c cu 4â ^ E 3 E (U .^H ^ CO =J L_ J-J c: â¢â â. â M .Q v_ (D 1_ L- -^H J=) B. â *-⢠o > O CO CO .Q . - - .1 UJ UJ LXJ LU Uj|. Fig. 13. - Hypothesized phylogenetic relationships among species of Catonotus. Synapomorphies (black rectangles) are (1) four infraorbital pores, (2) maximum standard length less than 50 mm, (3) bar pattern on the cheek, (4) blue-edged red fins on the breeding male, (5) large gold knob
. Bulletin. Natural history; Natural history. September 1985 125 Years of Biological Research 287 00 Q. p= O) ^ u iâ <U E 4-' O CL 3 O CT O) .^^ L_ *-> o â t-J ^^ O o O) J3 c: a c cu 4â ^ E 3 E (U .^H ^ CO =J L_ J-J c: â¢â â. â M .Q v_ (D 1_ L- -^H J=) B. â *-⢠o > O CO CO .Q . - - .1 UJ UJ LXJ LU Uj|. Fig. 13. - Hypothesized phylogenetic relationships among species of Catonotus. Synapomorphies (black rectangles) are (1) four infraorbital pores, (2) maximum standard length less than 50 mm, (3) bar pattern on the cheek, (4) blue-edged red fins on the breeding male, (5) large gold knobs on the first dorsal fin, (6) nape unsealed, (7) prepectoral area unsealed, (8) infraorbital canal widely interrupted, (A) type B clustering behavior (the female remains inverted during spawning), (9) infraorbital canal narrowly interrupted, (10) caudal peduncle with three black spots, (11) broad, flat nonbifurcate genital papilla on the female, (B) egg-clustering behavior. Synapomorphous character states were identified by outgroup comparisons to Etheosloma (Psychromaster) tusciimhia and E. (Fuscatelum) parvipinne. ogeny depicted in Fig. 15. There appear to be no reasonable alternatives to any of the transitions depicted. However, each type of behavior could have arisen, and in some instances almost certainly did arise, moi'e than once. For example, although gamma clustering results from a modification of beta clustering, it does not mean that the only extant gamma-clustering gi-oup of darters (Boleosoma) arose from the only extant beta-clustering gi'oup (, the flabellare group of Catonotus); rather, all alpha and beta precursors of Boleosoma are extinct. The phylogeny (Fig. 15) supports the contention that darters, the most primitive of which are buriers, are derivatives, and probably the sister group, of Stizostedion. This position disagrees with the conclusions of Col- lette (1963) based on osteology, but it agrees with those of Hubbs (1971) based on the sur
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Keywords: ., booka, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectnaturalhistory
