. A manual of botany. Botany. DICOTYLBDONES—THALAMIPLOB^ 279 twisted. Petals usually 5, very rarely 3, caducous, liypogynous, frequently corrugated in the bud, and twisted in a reverse way to that of the sepals. Stamens distinct, hypogynous, definite or indefinite. Ovary 1-or many-celled from parietal septa ; ovules orthotropous; style single; stigma simple. Fruit capsular, usually 1-celled, with 3—5, or rarely 10 valves; or imperfectly 3—5—10-oelled; jjlacentas parietal. Seeds definite or numerous, albuminous; evibryo curved or spiral, with the radicle remote from the hilum. Diagnosis.—Leaves
. A manual of botany. Botany. DICOTYLBDONES—THALAMIPLOB^ 279 twisted. Petals usually 5, very rarely 3, caducous, liypogynous, frequently corrugated in the bud, and twisted in a reverse way to that of the sepals. Stamens distinct, hypogynous, definite or indefinite. Ovary 1-or many-celled from parietal septa ; ovules orthotropous; style single; stigma simple. Fruit capsular, usually 1-celled, with 3—5, or rarely 10 valves; or imperfectly 3—5—10-oelled; jjlacentas parietal. Seeds definite or numerous, albuminous; evibryo curved or spiral, with the radicle remote from the hilum. Diagnosis.—Leaves entire. Sepals and petals with a ternary or quinary arrangement, twisted in aestivation ; the former per- sistent, the latter caducous. Stamens hypogynous, distinct. Ovary with parietal placentas and orthotropous ovules ; style single; stigma simple. Fruit capsular. Seeds with mealy albumen ; embryo inverted, curved or spiral. Distribution and Numbers.—These plants are most abundant in the south of Europe and the north of Africa. Some few are Fig. Fig. 1048. Fi(j. 1047. Diagram of the flower of a species of HelianthemiLm. Fiij. 1U48. Section of tlie seed of a species of Cistus, tbe pointed end being its apex. found in other parts of the globe. Illustrative Oenera :—Cistus, Tourn. ; Helianthemum, Tourn. There are about 200 species. Properties and Uses.—These plants have generally resinous and balsamic properties. Some are regarded as stimulant, ex- pectorant, and emmenagogue. Order 61. Violaoe^, the Violet Order.—Character.— Herbs or shrubs. Leaves simple, stipulate with an involute vernation, alternate or sometimes opposite. Sepals 5, per- sistent, imbricate, usually prolonged at the base. Petals 5, hypogynous, equal or unequal, one usually spurred. Stamens equal in number to the petals, and usually alternate with Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - colora
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