. The physiology of domestic animals ... Physiology, Comparative; Veterinary physiology. 218 PHYSIOLOGY OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. classes it is divided into two forms, the small and large intestines. The small intestine is destined for the absorption of food-products, and for the elaboration of the digestive secretions for the solution of food-stuffs which have escaped the action of the gastric juice. We find its walls, therefore, supplied with tubular glands secreting the so-called intestinal fluid; and emptying into the small intestine we find in all cases two large glandular organs, the live
. The physiology of domestic animals ... Physiology, Comparative; Veterinary physiology. 218 PHYSIOLOGY OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. classes it is divided into two forms, the small and large intestines. The small intestine is destined for the absorption of food-products, and for the elaboration of the digestive secretions for the solution of food-stuffs which have escaped the action of the gastric juice. We find its walls, therefore, supplied with tubular glands secreting the so-called intestinal fluid; and emptying into the small intestine we find in all cases two large glandular organs, the liver and pancreas, secreting alkaline fluids which have a greater or less importance in digestion. In the small intestine of mammals are also to be found special organs for assisting the absorption. Fig. 77.—Stomach of Adult Sheep, Dried and Inflated ; One-fifth the Natural Size. (Tliauhoffer.) B, rumen ; R, reticulum ; S, omasum; O, nbomasum : r, carclia; p, pylorus ; fir, ojsophagus; cb, cardiac valve ; ln\ (Esophageal gutter; r, pillars of the rumen ; rit, opening of the reticulum; on, open- ing of the aboniasum, or fourth stomach; b, valve between reticulum and omasum ; e, duodenum. of food, the so-called villi, which are simply conical expansions covered by mucous membrane, whose function, together with that of the folds of the mucous membrane, is simply to give increased surface for absorption. In the higher animals the small intestine is divided arbitrarily into three divisions, the duodenum, or the portion of bowel directly in communica- tion with the stomach, which is always curved and usually free from mesentery. Following this we have the jejunum, so-called because ordi- narily found empty, and following that the ileum. The intestinal canal is supplied with muscular fibres, arranged longitudinally and in concentric rings, being red-striped muscular fibres. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for re
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