Bacterial conjugation, cutaway artwork. Conjugation is the process by which genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another. Here a pilu
Bacterial conjugation, cutaway artwork. Conjugation is the process by which genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another. Here a pilus (hair-like strucure) connects the donor bacterium (left) to the recipient cell (right). The circular molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, bottom), known as a plasmid, is passing through the pilus and will be incorporated into the recipient bacterium's genome. Plasmids often carry genes that confer advantages, such as antibiotic resistance or the ability to use a new metabolite.
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Photo credit: © TIM VERNON/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
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