. Chronic wasting disease management plan for free ranging widllife in Montana . Elk Distribution (Population Estimate = ) H>?pmJ_niJ Iff Nu-brul-Dli /Aid 11 â »â¢â .! lihrn^feriLHiiufnin-IU-t Hataii. HI Lsr: OM-Jshh D j:rlDj:lon -cr-ss Flv?.:? ic.^s.^s PJDlt : .r$ Trlba .::â .e« -3|J| Elk feed on a combination of grass and forbs on a yearlong basis with grass generally dominating the diet. Shrubs can be an important part of the diet during winters of deep snow cover and depleted grass resources. Elk are elevationally migratory in mountainous areas of Montana, concen
. Chronic wasting disease management plan for free ranging widllife in Montana . Elk Distribution (Population Estimate = ) H>?pmJ_niJ Iff Nu-brul-Dli /Aid 11 â »â¢â .! lihrn^feriLHiiufnin-IU-t Hataii. HI Lsr: OM-Jshh D j:rlDj:lon -cr-ss Flv?.:? ic.^s.^s PJDlt : .r$ Trlba .::â .e« -3|J| Elk feed on a combination of grass and forbs on a yearlong basis with grass generally dominating the diet. Shrubs can be an important part of the diet during winters of deep snow cover and depleted grass resources. Elk are elevationally migratory in mountainous areas of Montana, concentrating on low elevation southerly exposures during the winter. However, elk generally winter at slightly higher elevations than mule deer and have a greater tolerance for snow cover. Low elevation elk populations in eastern Montana show some seasonal shifts in distribution from summer to winter. Higher elevation elk of western Montana tend to have favored calving areas usually at the upper elevation portions of their winter range. In general, elk are highly mobile and have large home ranges (Mussehl and Howell, 1971). Seasonal migrations among Montana's elk herds from summer to winter ranges vary depending on habitat resources and topography. Cow elk in the Gravelly-Snowcrest area migrate between 13 and 72 miles with emigration from the herd as much as 121 miles and immigration as much as 105 miles. Individual bulls in the same herd have shown emigration maximums of 250 miles to near Ten Sleep, Wyoming. Immigration into the area of individual bulls has been as far as 125 miles from the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming (Hamlin and Ross, 2002). Cow elk from the Lower Clark Fork herd have been documented to migrate from 7 to 30 miles during the year while emigration of both bulls and cows of up to 90 miles has been documented (Henderson and Sterling, et al., 1993). Annual migration movements of elk in the Blackfoot Clearwater -South Fork Flathead herd has been sho
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