. The depths of the ocean; a general account of the modern science of oceanography based largely on the scientific researches of the Norwegian steamer Michael Sars in the North Atlantic. Oceanography. Fig. 371. Rhynchonella psittacea, Chemn. (After G. O. Sars.) INVERTEBRATE BOTTOM FAUNA 529 and a few other species of Tellina, Venus fluctuosa, Cardium ciliatum, C. gronlandicum, Thracia truncata (rarely found in the boreal region), Pandora glacialis. Brachiopods : Rhynchonella psittacea (see Fig. 371), Terebratulina spitsbergensis. Echinoderms : Asterias lincki, A. panopla, A. vronlandica, A. hy
. The depths of the ocean; a general account of the modern science of oceanography based largely on the scientific researches of the Norwegian steamer Michael Sars in the North Atlantic. Oceanography. Fig. 371. Rhynchonella psittacea, Chemn. (After G. O. Sars.) INVERTEBRATE BOTTOM FAUNA 529 and a few other species of Tellina, Venus fluctuosa, Cardium ciliatum, C. gronlandicum, Thracia truncata (rarely found in the boreal region), Pandora glacialis. Brachiopods : Rhynchonella psittacea (see Fig. 371), Terebratulina spitsbergensis. Echinoderms : Asterias lincki, A. panopla, A. vronlandica, A. hyperborea, SticJiaster albulus, Ctenodiscus crispatus, Ophiopleura borealis, Ophiura nodosa, Amphiura sundevalli, Ophiopus arcticus, Gorgonocephalus eucnemis and G. agassizi, Antedon eschrichti, A. prolixa, Cucumaria minuta, C. glacialis, Eupyrgus scaber, Trochostoma boreale, Ankyro- derma jeffreysi, Chirodota Iczvis, Myriotrochus rinki. Decapod crustaceans: Sclerocrangon ferox, S. boreas, Sabinea septemcarinata, Hippo- lyte turgida and H. spinus, Bythocaris payeri, Idotea entomon. Two species of pycnogonids, Nymphon robustum and TV. hirtipes, are very abundant in the arctic region ; the former is largely a deep-sea form, which descends far down into the cold area of the Norwegian Sea deep basin, whereas N. hirtipes belongs more to the banks and plateaus. Both species were trawled by the " Michael Sars " on the Jan Mayen plateau, showing that they may be abundant in shallow waters also. The largest pycnogonid of the Norwegian Sea is Colossendeis proboscidea, found both on the slopes of the deep basin and on the banks. There are also several other species of Nymphon, such as N. elegans, N. macronyx, and N. gracilipes, which are common arctic forms. The hydroids have comparatively few purely arctic species, though the magnificent large Tubularia I regalis is one that deserves special notice ; in congenial localities like the Bear Island shoal and the banks of Jan Mayen i
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1912
