. Russian Central Asia : including Kuldja, Bokhara, Khiva and Merv. yers until the head of theworm is reached and grasped. The problem now is to extract the animal entire, inwhich case the wound soon heals. Native specialists,usually barbers, insert a needle under the worm,and one end is drawn out by the fingers of theright hand, whilst those of the left press the affectedpart, the operation lasting from one to five medical men wind off the animal on a reel,so much daily as comes out without force, till thewhole, commonly three, but sometimes (according toone physician) seven f
. Russian Central Asia : including Kuldja, Bokhara, Khiva and Merv. yers until the head of theworm is reached and grasped. The problem now is to extract the animal entire, inwhich case the wound soon heals. Native specialists,usually barbers, insert a needle under the worm,and one end is drawn out by the fingers of theright hand, whilst those of the left press the affectedpart, the operation lasting from one to five medical men wind off the animal on a reel,so much daily as comes out without force, till thewhole, commonly three, but sometimes (according toone physician) seven feet in length, is extracted. If,however, the worm should break, and part of it remain SUNDRIES CONCERNING BOKHARA. H7 in the body, illness continues for several months. Itwas an unsuccessful case of this kind we saw in themilitary hospital at Samarkand, where the portion ofthe rishta extracted was given to me. The other partshad come out of the patient of themselves, in numerousplaces, through painful abscesses. In appearance the worm is a long, cylindrical body,. A PUBLIC POOL AT BOKHARA. of a milk-white colour, resembling cooked vermicelli,and can be stretched like a piece of elastic. Whentorn, a milk-white fluid exudes, containing an immensenumber of minute worms, swimming rapidly, whence itappears this animal is viviparous. Concerning itsorigin in man, Dr. Klopatoff,* who resided three yearsat Jizakh, considered that water was the medium by * Journal of Health, p. 123, No. 35, 1876. I48 RUSSIAN CENTRAL ASIA. which the parasite was conveyed, entering most likelythrough the pores of the skin. Fedchenko, on theother hand, came to the conclusion that the germs ofthe worm are swallowed in drinking the water.* Some persons are, however, I imagine, more proneto the disease than others ; for a Russian told me thathis friend, who came to Bokhara in 1876, had sufferedfrom rishta 8 or 9 times a year, and in the year ofmy visit 12 times, whereas he himself came a yearearlier, had taken
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