. Elementary text-book of zoology. Zoology. HYMENOPTERA. Fam. Braconidae. They principally persecute caterpillars, as well as beetle larva.' living in dead wood. Mierngastrr i/ltinninrtitiix L., in caterpillars. Ilnit-iui ini/itixfur Scop., Ratzbg. Fam. Ichneunionidae. li-liin'innnn inrubitur L. I. (Trot/us) hitm-iux Ratzbg., (.£/>// id/fcx~) m&nifestat&r O^ihion luteus L. Fam. Evaniadse. Evama appendigaster L., FoewusjaculatorlL. Sub-order 2.—Aculeata. With retractile perforated sting and poison gland in the female sex. Abdomen always stalked ; the ante
. Elementary text-book of zoology. Zoology. HYMENOPTERA. Fam. Braconidae. They principally persecute caterpillars, as well as beetle larva.' living in dead wood. Mierngastrr i/ltinninrtitiix L., in caterpillars. Ilnit-iui ini/itixfur Scop., Ratzbg. Fam. Ichneunionidae. li-liin'innnn inrubitur L. I. (Trot/us) hitm-iux Ratzbg., (.£/>// id/fcx~) m&nifestat&r O^ihion luteus L. Fam. Evaniadse. Evama appendigaster L., FoewusjaculatorlL. Sub-order 2.—Aculeata. With retractile perforated sting and poison gland in the female sex. Abdomen always stalked ; the antennse of male usual thirteen- jointed, of the female twelve-jointed, without anus. The larvae are apodal and Fam. Formicidse* (Ants) (fig. 490). They live together in communities, which contain, besides the winged males and females, a great excess of small apterous workers with stronger prothorax. The latter are sometimes of two kinds, known as soldiers and true workers, distinguished by the size of the head and jaws. The workers are aborted females and re- semble the true females in possessing a poison gland, the acid secre- tion (formic acid) of which they either pour out with the help of the sting or, in the absence of the latter, eject into the wound made by the mandibles. The dwellings of the ants consist of passages and cavities, which are placed in rotten wood, in the earth, or in hill- $ J (J heaps which they FIG m_Formica (Camponotus) herculanea. a, Female, b, Male, throw up. Winter pro- Cj Worker, d. Larva of Formica rufa. e, pupa with) case, so- visions are not carried called ant egg. /,#, Pupa liberated from the case. into these spaces, since the ant-workers, which with the queens alone survive the winter, fall into a kind of winter sleep. In the spring queens are found in addition to the workers. From the eggs of the queens larvte proceed, which are carefully reared and protected by the workers. The larvse in egg-shaped cocoons become pupas (ants' eggs) and devel
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectzoology, bookyear1884
