. The biology of insects. Insects -- Biology. 56 THE BIOLOGY OF INSECTS free to move up or down, to spread so as to project outwards from the axis of the body, or to be drawn inwards so that jj p its length is approxi- mately parallel to that axis as well as to be partly turned on its axis so that its lower aspect is directed backwards. The spreading and indrawing move- ments are brought about respectively by extensor and flexor muscles in- serted at the wing base. The forward turn of the wing- surface is due to the action of pro?iator muscles (Fig. 19, B, pr) inserted into a sclerite (anterio
. The biology of insects. Insects -- Biology. 56 THE BIOLOGY OF INSECTS free to move up or down, to spread so as to project outwards from the axis of the body, or to be drawn inwards so that jj p its length is approxi- mately parallel to that axis as well as to be partly turned on its axis so that its lower aspect is directed backwards. The spreading and indrawing move- ments are brought about respectively by extensor and flexor muscles in- serted at the wing base. The forward turn of the wing- surface is due to the action of pro?iator muscles (Fig. 19, B, pr) inserted into a sclerite (anterior parapterum) at the front costal wing- base, and also to the resistant action of the air on the flexible wing-membrane. But the large and powerful muscles which by their con- traction move the wings up and down are in the vast majority of insects attached not directly to the wing-base but to regions of the thoracic wall. The. Fig. 19.—Principal Wing Muscles of male Honey Bee {Apis tnellijica), as seen in median section through thorax (A), and internal view of right pleuron of meso- thorax (B). el, elevators ; dp, depressors ; pr, pronator : Jfl, flexor muscles ; pa, para- pterum ; a, axillary sclerites. C2, C3, haunches of second and third legs. X 15. After R. E. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Carpenter, George H. (George Herbert), 1865-1939. New York, The Macmillan Company
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, bookpublishernewyorkthemacmilla
