. The Turk and the land of Haig; or, Turkey and Armenia: descriptive, historical, and picturesque . Constantinople, and some out-lying possessions in Greece and Macedonia. In 1365he captured Adrianople and made it his European cap-ital. His last famous contest, against the combinedforces of Servia, Hungar)-, Bosnia, Wallachia, andAlbania, was the famous battle of Kossova, in whichthe Sultan gained the victory with the sacrifice of hislife. Bayazid, the Yildirim or Thunderbolt, the son ofMurad, was the first Ottoman ruler to assume the titleof Sultan. He extended his conquests east and


. The Turk and the land of Haig; or, Turkey and Armenia: descriptive, historical, and picturesque . Constantinople, and some out-lying possessions in Greece and Macedonia. In 1365he captured Adrianople and made it his European cap-ital. His last famous contest, against the combinedforces of Servia, Hungar)-, Bosnia, Wallachia, andAlbania, was the famous battle of Kossova, in whichthe Sultan gained the victory with the sacrifice of hislife. Bayazid, the Yildirim or Thunderbolt, the son ofMurad, was the first Ottoman ruler to assume the titleof Sultan. He extended his conquests east and besieged Constantinople for years, and the emperorwas compelled to recognize his authority by paying anannual tribute. While Bayazid was engaged in theEast, the King of Hungary, taking advantage of hisabsence, with a large army of European knights, be-sieged Nicopolis. The Thunderbolt, arrived, how-ever, with his characteristic speed, and overwhelmedthe besiegers, and, as a result of the contest, Bul-garia became a direct Ottoman province, whileWallachia became tributary. But Bayazids brilliant. 230 THE TURK AND THE LAND OF HAIG. career of European conquest was not destined to lastlong, for, while he was under the very walls of Con-stantinople, he had to hasten back to meet theMongol Tartars, who, under the leadership of wild Tam-erlane, the Napoleon of Asia, after causing serious de-struction in Armenia, had penetrated into the OttomanEmpire. Near Angora the two determined hosts stoodface to face in a furious battle (1402), in whichBayazid met his fate ; his country was conquered ; andhe himself was carried into captivity, where he frightful defeat of Bayazid, and the consequenteleven years interregnum, threatened the very existenceof the Ottoman Empire ; yet, in the middle of the samecentury, it became more strong and compact thanbefore. It is needless herein to follow the administration ofsuccessive sovereigns. The sword of Othman de-scended, in the regular line of


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