. The American farmer. A hand-book of agriculture for the farm and garden ... Agriculture. 554 FARMEU'S HAND-BOOK. farm The cementing of the stones with mortar adds, indeed, to the durability of the wall, but then the expense is too great in common cases. The wall, therefore, for the ordinary purposes of the farm, may generally be built of stones alone, though sometimes with a little mortar merely for cementing the capping, and occasionally for pinning or closing the inter- stices of the outside. Materials. — The materials for building the dry stone wall, as this kind of wall is termed, may be
. The American farmer. A hand-book of agriculture for the farm and garden ... Agriculture. 554 FARMEU'S HAND-BOOK. farm The cementing of the stones with mortar adds, indeed, to the durability of the wall, but then the expense is too great in common cases. The wall, therefore, for the ordinary purposes of the farm, may generally be built of stones alone, though sometimes with a little mortar merely for cementing the capping, and occasionally for pinning or closing the inter- stices of the outside. Materials. — The materials for building the dry stone wall, as this kind of wall is termed, may be of any stones of sufficient durability. Loose stones taken from the surface, termed land-stones, answer completely, if they be of proper size, and not too much rounded ; but in the latter case they present too smooth a surface, and cannot be kept in their places without mortar. Implements. — The implements to be used in building stone wall are, a mason's hammer, a spade or shovel for clearing the ground for a foundation, a pick or mattock, and a frame of two upright posts fixed together, so as to correspond with a vertical section of a portion of the wall. The line of the intended fence being fixed upon and marked on the ground, the stones for building should be brought forward, and laid down on both sides, if possi- ble, of the line of fence, but, if not, on one side. Pins being fixed in the centre of the space to be occupied by the wall, the workman proceeds thus: — He carries his wooden frame to some distance along the line to be built upon; he sets it perpendicular, which he is enabled to do by means of a plumb-line attached to it, and he fixes it in this position in a simple manner, as seen in the figure below. He then fixes another similar frame at th« place where the wall is to commence ; he stretches two cords between these two frames, on the outside, and as these cords correspond with the outside of the wall at a given height, he has a guide for building it of
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