Typhoid fever and typhus fever . n peculiar arrangement. Theyare distributed throughout the organin the form of innumerable irregu-larly arranged groups, in which thebacilli lie so close together that instained sections they appear as dark,opaque spots, at the periphery ofwhich individual bacilli may berecognizable (Fig. 7). In other respects the histologicalterations are in general scarcelydifferent from those of the acuteinfectious splenic tumor: In the early stage, especially hyperemia,particularly with overdistention of the cavernous veins of the pulp,and with further advance in the morbid
Typhoid fever and typhus fever . n peculiar arrangement. Theyare distributed throughout the organin the form of innumerable irregu-larly arranged groups, in which thebacilli lie so close together that instained sections they appear as dark,opaque spots, at the periphery ofwhich individual bacilli may berecognizable (Fig. 7). In other respects the histologicalterations are in general scarcelydifferent from those of the acuteinfectious splenic tumor: In the early stage, especially hyperemia,particularly with overdistention of the cavernous veins of the pulp,and with further advance in the morbid process, most active hyper-plasia of the cellular elements of the spleen and of the stroma, togetherwith the appearance of those large cells (phagocytes) containing redblood-corpuscles, which recently have acquired such great theoreticimportance. The significance of inflammatory changes in the smaller 1 Virchows Archiv, Bd. xxiii. 2 Arch. d. Heilk., Bd. xiii. ; and Tagebl. der ^7 Versammlitng deutscher Natur-forscher u. \>: Fig. 7.—Section of the spleen, showinggroups of typhoid-bacilli. 110 TYPHOID FEVER. arteries of the spleen, to which French investigators especially havedirected attention (Siredey), has not as yet been sufficiently established. ALTERATIONS IN THE URINARY ORGANS. Apart from the rare cases in which death takes place in the earlystages of typhoid fever, the kidneys generally exhibit more or lessmarked alterations appreciable to the naked eye, which are comparableto those in other parenchymatous organs, especially the liver. At thebeginning or the middle of the second week the kidneys are usually stillof normal size or but slightly enlarged, usually greatly reddened upontheir external aspect, upon section markedly hyperemic, so that themedullary structure often is dark bluish red in color, the cortex some-what lighter, from red to grayish red. With the progress of the diseasethe organ generally undergoes further enlargement. It becomes firmer,its
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjecttyphoid, bookyear1901
