. Electric railway journal . ring Company, New York, N. Y., has developed indi-vidual insulator clamps and clamping sets to afford safetyat crossings for all types of straight and angle overheadwork. Clamps of copper composition of high tensilestrength are used with bare copper conductor and clampsof galvanized or sherardized malleable iron with steel oraluminum conductor, to avoid all chance for electrolyticaction between metals electrically dissimilar. It was recognized at the outset that the insulator clampsto be most effective should be so fastened to the insulatorheads that they could not
. Electric railway journal . ring Company, New York, N. Y., has developed indi-vidual insulator clamps and clamping sets to afford safetyat crossings for all types of straight and angle overheadwork. Clamps of copper composition of high tensilestrength are used with bare copper conductor and clampsof galvanized or sherardized malleable iron with steel oraluminum conductor, to avoid all chance for electrolyticaction between metals electrically dissimilar. It was recognized at the outset that the insulator clampsto be most effective should be so fastened to the insulatorheads that they could not possibly become detached fromthem. Cemented caps were discarded as being unsafe andlikely to work loose. The clamping set shown in the ac-companying illustration was specified by the PennsylvaniaRailroad for potentials in excess of 2500 volts. The clampsextend well beyond the insulators, directly under the line,so that should arcs arise they will form between the clampand the ground rather than from the line. Heavy bushings. Overhead Clamping Set also protect the conductor at the insulators. If the con-ductor should fuse at the insulator, the extension clamps,which are held to the main insulator clamps by steel eye-bolts, will still hold the line in place. The insulator clampsare all made extra heavy to provide a high factor of safetyin excess of the ultimate strength of the conductor and areprovided with large heat-radiating surfaces. Usually turn-buckles fasten the clamps together although flat steel con-necting members are often used. A clamping set has alsobeen developed for use with strain insulators. Tests have been made which show that if the line usedwith the clamping sets either for more or less than 2500volts is cut on the insulator head, directly between the twoclamping members of an insulator clamp, the conductormay be broken without pulling through the clamp. Althoughthe line is protected from arcs, no members are broughtout at right angles to the line to extend b
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