. Agriculture for southern schools. nd causevarious diseases, which may affect the leaves, stems, orfruits of useful plants. Molds.—Among the fungi are certain molds. Fruitmold, or bread mold, is made up of a mass of fine whitethreads, some of the short branches of which bear tinyblack heads. These contain the spores, dust-like bodiesfrom which another crop of fungi grows. Spores are tofungi what seeds are to plants. The spores of mold andof most fungi are so small and light that they are blowneverywhere by the wind. This explains why plant diseasesare so catching, or contagious. Some fungi ca
. Agriculture for southern schools. nd causevarious diseases, which may affect the leaves, stems, orfruits of useful plants. Molds.—Among the fungi are certain molds. Fruitmold, or bread mold, is made up of a mass of fine whitethreads, some of the short branches of which bear tinyblack heads. These contain the spores, dust-like bodiesfrom which another crop of fungi grows. Spores are tofungi what seeds are to plants. The spores of mold andof most fungi are so small and light that they are blowneverywhere by the wind. This explains why plant diseasesare so catching, or contagious. Some fungi cannot grow through the skin of fruits, butneed to have their spores planted in cuts or kinds are able to force their way through the often they push in through the gateways or 1 The five sections on plant diseases were written by Dr. B. M. Duggar ofthe faculty of Cornell University. Q 225 226 AGRICULTURE pores in the leaves of plants. Once inside the fruitor leaf, they yrow and nourish themselves by absorb-. FiG. 154. of Spraying for Late Blioiit of Irish PotatoesThe plants in the center were not sprayed; those on both sides were spi-ayed. ing the food material formed by the .a;reen plant. Theysteal the food which the plant had prepared for its ownuse. THE CAUSES OF DISEASES OF PLANTS 22/ Killing fungi with poisons. — Fortunately the spores ofmost kinds of plant diseases will not grow in contact withcertain substances. Two of the best of these chemicalsused to destroy fungus spores are bluestone (copper sul-fate) and formalin. The buds, the fruit, or the leavesare sprayed with a mixture containing bluestone. If thisis done before the fungus plant has passed through theskin of the fruit, the crop is often saved. Seeds of oatsfrom a smutty crop are dampened with formalin to kill thespores on the seed. The white mildew on the leaves ofthe rose is easily killed by sprinkling on it a solution ofone ounce of liver of sulfur to two gallons of wate
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