15 June 1567 Originally Mary Bothwell Scottish nobility army military battle war Carberry Hill duel royal abdication armor
On 24 April 1567, Mary visited her son at Stirling for the last time. On her way back to Edinburgh, Mary was abducted, willingly or not, by Bothwell and his men and taken to Dunbar Castle, where she was allegedly raped by Bothwell. However, already in October 1566, she had been very interested in Bothwell when she made a four-hour journey on horseback to visit him at Hermitage Castle where he lay ill. On 6 May Mary and Bothwell returned to Edinburgh and on 15 May, at the Palace of Holyroodhouse, they were married according to Protestant rites. Bothwell had divorced his first wife, Jean Gordon, twelve days previously. Originally Mary believed she had the consent of much of her nobles regarding her marriage, but things soon turned sour between the newly elevated Bothwell and his old peers. Thus, the Scottish nobility turned against Mary and Bothwell, and raised an army against them. Mary and Bothwell confronted the Lords at Carberry Hill on 15 June, but there was no real battle (only a few duels) as Mary agreed to follow the Lords, on condition that they let Bothwell go.[43] However, the Lords broke their promise, took Mary to Edinburgh and imprisoned her in Loch Leven Castle, situated on an island in the middle of Loch Leven. Between 18 July and 24 July 1567, Mary miscarried twins. On 24 July 1567, she was also forced to abdicate the Scottish throne in favour of her one-year-old son James. On 2 May 1568, Mary escaped from Loch Leven and once again managed to raise a small army. After her army's defeat at the Battle of Langside on 13 May, she first fled South into the Dumfries area then by boat across the Solway Firth into England.
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