. Outlines of zoology. a prominent crest, the transverse processes aresmall, the anterior articular surfaces are large. A typical lumbar vertebra will show the centrum and itsepiphyses, the neural arch and neural spine, the transverseprocesses, the anterior and posterior articular processes orzygapophyses, the median ventral hypapophysis, the smallanapophyses from the neural arch below the posterior SKELETON. 701 zygapophyses, below the anapophyses the posterior inter-vertebral notches—passages through which the spinal nervespass out, and anteriorly a similar pair of notches. There aretwelve o
. Outlines of zoology. a prominent crest, the transverse processes aresmall, the anterior articular surfaces are large. A typical lumbar vertebra will show the centrum and itsepiphyses, the neural arch and neural spine, the transverseprocesses, the anterior and posterior articular processes orzygapophyses, the median ventral hypapophysis, the smallanapophyses from the neural arch below the posterior SKELETON. 701 zygapophyses, below the anapophyses the posterior inter-vertebral notches—passages through which the spinal nervespass out, and anteriorly a similar pair of notches. There aretwelve or thirteen pairs of ribs which support the wall of thethorax and aid in the mechanism of respiration. The firstseven pairs articulate with the breast-bone, the eighth andninth are connected to the ribs in front, the others are one of the first seven or more typical ribs consists oftwo parts, a vertebral portion articulating with a vertebra, animperfectly ossified sternal portion connecting the end of / Fig. 383.—Side view of rabbits skull. Pinx.^ Premaxilla ; ; Fr.^ frontal; Pa., parietal; .S^.,squamosal; , supraoccipital ; /t:?-., p^rlotic ; 7^., tympanic(the reference line points to the bony external auditory meatus,beneath it lies the inflated bulla); PO., paroccipital process. the vertebral portion with the sternum. Each of the firstnine ribs has a double head—the capitulum articulatingwith the centrum of the corresponding vertebra, and partlywith that of the one in front, the tubercle articulating withthe transverse process of the corresponding vertebra. Theposterior ribs have no tubercles, and the capitular articula-tions are restricted to the corresponding vertebra. The sternum is a narrow jointed plate, with a large keeledpra^slernum or manubrium, then five segments composingthe mesosternum, then a posterior xiphisternuni ending incartilage. 702 MAMMALIA. The skull consists, as in all the higher Vertebrates, of twosets of bones,—ca
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidcu3192, booksubjectzoology
