Ecosystems and Human Well-Being Biodiversity Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Biodiversity Synthesis ecosystemshumanw05kuma Year: 2005 The delay between a driver affecting a system and its conse- quences for biodiversity change can be highly variable. In the relatively well studied case of species extinctions, habitat loss is known to be a driver with particularly long lag times. In studies of tropical forest bird species the time from habitat fragmenta- tion to species extinction has been estimated to have a half-life of decades to hundreds of years. Overall, these results suggest that about
Ecosystems and Human Well-Being Biodiversity Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Biodiversity Synthesis ecosystemshumanw05kuma Year: 2005 The delay between a driver affecting a system and its conse- quences for biodiversity change can be highly variable. In the relatively well studied case of species extinctions, habitat loss is known to be a driver with particularly long lag times. In studies of tropical forest bird species the time from habitat fragmenta- tion to species extinction has been estimated to have a half-life of decades to hundreds of years. Overall, these results suggest that about half of the species losses may occur over a period of 100 to 1,000 years. Therefore, humans have the opportunity to deploy active habitat restoration practices that may rescue some of the species that otherwise would have been in a trajectory toward extinction. Notwithstanding this, habitat restoration measures will not be likely to save the most sensitive species, which will become extinct soon after habitat loss (). Figure Historical and Projected Variations in Earth's Surface Temperature Estimated global temperature averages for the past 1,000 years, with projections to 2100 depending on various plausible scenarios for future human behavior. Differences in temperature in 'Celsius from the 1990 value Estimation of temperature based on indirect measurements Direct Model measurements projections 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2002 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Biodiversity Synthesis 59
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