. The Chinese empire: a general & missionary survey ... t it may lie to a depth of two feet. People.—The sketch of history given above has shownthat the southern portion of the province was from ancienttimes a dependency of China, and to this the character ofthe population corresponds at the present day. From theGreat Wall to the Liao the appearance of the country andthe habits of the people are not very different from theneighbouring part of Chihli. In the Liaotung peninsula thedialect approximates to that of East Shantung, especiallyalong the coast, where there has long been intercourse with
. The Chinese empire: a general & missionary survey ... t it may lie to a depth of two feet. People.—The sketch of history given above has shownthat the southern portion of the province was from ancienttimes a dependency of China, and to this the character ofthe population corresponds at the present day. From theGreat Wall to the Liao the appearance of the country andthe habits of the people are not very different from theneighbouring part of Chihli. In the Liaotung peninsula thedialect approximates to that of East Shantung, especiallyalong the coast, where there has long been intercourse withthe opposite shores. Again, the basin of the Yalu has beenrepeopled within these thirty years almost entirely byimmigration from East Shantung, while the Mongol land northof Kaiyiian shows a preponderance of colonists from Liaoyang northwards the Manchu influence is seen inthe dress and coiffure of the women, and in the dialect,which resembles the Pekingese. A few villages here areinhabited by the Siho, a tribe allied to the Manchus, who. MANCHURIA 309 still retain their own language, but the Manchu languageproper is never heard in ordinary use. Every year may be seen a stream of emigrants comingin by two lines of march, one by the highway from Chihli,the other from the seaport of Newchwang. The goal of thewayfarers is generally the northern provinces or the newlands (pien wai) of Fengtien, but a large number findemployment by the way. Thus the men of CentralShantung work the vegetable gardens round Moukden,while the trade of that and other cities is chiefly in thehands of Chihli men, particularly those from Yungping Russian railway brought a multitude of unattachedcharacters, who found employment in the mushroom settle-ments around the stations. Cities.—The capital is Moukden (Chinese Shengking,Fengtien Fu, or Shenyang); population, 200,000, a largenumber of whom belong to the ofl&cial class. Next in sizecome Liaoyang, the ancient capital of Liaotung; Ch
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