Rotterdam medieval street scene sewage peasant poor heritage city tower wooden spire river trade boat vessel merchant canal
Grote of Sint-Laurenskerk (English: Great, or St. Lawrence church) is a Protestant church in Rotterdam. It is the only remnant of the medieval city of Rotterdam. Construction took place between 1449 and 1525. In 1621 the tower with a wooden spire, designed by Hendrick de Keyser. By the poor quality of the wood had to be demolished in 1645 spire. The tower was then given a stone cube, which in 1650 appears to be too heavy for the foundation. The tower is re-piled in 1655 and the tower stands straight again. At first, this basilica was the only stone building in Rotterdam. Many important events took place here. The last pastor of the Laurenkerk was Hubertus Duifhuis. The Reformation took place in 1572 and the Laurenskerk became a Protestant church. Pastors of the Church have included Laurens Johannes Jacobus van Oosterzee, Abraham Hellenbroek, Jan Scharp and Callenbach, who some years before the bombing wrote a book about the history of the church. The church is still used for worship of the Protestant Church. During the bombing on May 14, 1940 the Laurenskerk was also heavily damaged. At first, there have been calls to demolish the church, but was stopped by the Germans. Within the provisional National Commission for the monument were supporters and opponents of restoration. In particular architectural committee Old opposed rebuilding in 1950 and released an alternative plan in the advertising which only the tower as a remnant would be preserved. Besides the memorial, a new smaller church can be rebuilt. This alternative plan was set aside, especially since the restored St. Lawrence too much as a symbol of the resilience of the Rotterdam community was seen. In 1952, Queen Juliana of the Netherlands laid the foundation stone for the restoration, which was completed only in 1968.
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