. A system of surgery (Volume 2) . x~tracking the Cataract, 348 Sea. XVIII. OftheFijlulaLachrymalis, 354 a TREATISE a TREATISE O N T H E THEORY and PRACTICE O F SURGERY. CHAP. XVI.• f the HEMORRHOIDS or PILES. H E term Haemorrhoids or Pileswas originally applied to everydifcharge of blood from the veinsrunning upon and in the neigh-bourhood of the re&um ; but amere diftention of thefe veins,when productive of pain, nowreceives the fame long as the difeafed parts of the veins remaindiftended, and do not evacuate any part of theircontents, the piles are named Caecae or Blind ; bu
. A system of surgery (Volume 2) . x~tracking the Cataract, 348 Sea. XVIII. OftheFijlulaLachrymalis, 354 a TREATISE a TREATISE O N T H E THEORY and PRACTICE O F SURGERY. CHAP. XVI.• f the HEMORRHOIDS or PILES. H E term Haemorrhoids or Pileswas originally applied to everydifcharge of blood from the veinsrunning upon and in the neigh-bourhood of the re&um ; but amere diftention of thefe veins,when productive of pain, nowreceives the fame long as the difeafed parts of the veins remaindiftended, and do not evacuate any part of theircontents, the piles are named Caecae or Blind ; butwhen they burft or difcharge blood, they are term-ed Apert or Open. It frequently happens, that a difcharge of bloodupon going to flool is the firft warning or appear-ance of this diforder : For although in fome m-ftances it is otherwife, yet when the parts of theveins chiefly afFeaed lie far up the redum, the painor uneafinefs produced by them is in general notconfiderable ; and this we fuppofe to proceed fromVol. II B th*. io Of the Hemorrhoids. Chap. XVI. the veins in this fituation being furrounded withparts which from their foftnefs readily yield to theirdiftention ; whereas, when the difeafe occurs to-wards the extremity of the gut, as the inteftine ishere furrounded with a firm mufcular covering,the fphinftcr ani, a good deal of refiftance is there-by given to the formation of hemorrhoidal tumors,and they are accordingly in this fituation almoftalways productive of much diftrefs. When the piles are fo fituated as to be withinview, if they have begun to difcharge blood, oneor more fmall openings are obferved, from whencethe blood is poured out: When the parts have notbeen previoufly much di ft ended, thefe openingsappear to be the mouths or outlets of fo manyveins : And the openings from whence the bloodproceeds are each of them obferved to be featedupon a fmall protuberance arifing from the inter-nal coat of the gut.—In general, thefe tumors,when they difcharge free
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