The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . easternberings00hood Year: 1981 168 Ice distribution and dynamics Figure 11-1. Idealized Beaufort Sea nearshore ice regime showing one of many possible configurations. Note apron of new ice adjacent to floating shear ridge in attached fast ice zone. This ice has formed as a result of a recent advection event. Offshore, the floating fast ice is often anchored by pressure and shear ridges with sufficient keel depth to be grounded on the ocean floor. Generally
The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . easternberings00hood Year: 1981 168 Ice distribution and dynamics Figure 11-1. Idealized Beaufort Sea nearshore ice regime showing one of many possible configurations. Note apron of new ice adjacent to floating shear ridge in attached fast ice zone. This ice has formed as a result of a recent advection event. Offshore, the floating fast ice is often anchored by pressure and shear ridges with sufficient keel depth to be grounded on the ocean floor. Generally, few large grounded ridges are found in shallow water (up to 12 m) and ridges are seldom thick enough to be ground- ed in water deeper than 20 m. While a great deal of work has been done toward determining these limits in the Beaufort Sea (Reimnitz and Barnes 1973, Kovacs and Mellor 1974, Kovacs 1976, and Stringer 1978), relatively little work has been done in the Bering (Stringer 1978, Ray and Dupre, this volume, Duprel980). Floating fast ice is not always bounded by a zone of grounded ridges (sometimes called stamukhi, see Reimnitz and Barnes 1976). Whether or not a grounded-ridge zone exits, fast ice can extend sea- ward up to 100 km or more (Stringer 1974). If the grounded-ridge zone is present, it tends to protect the enclosed fast ice from deformation resulting from pack-ice forces, although deformations may still take place within this protected zone. The grounded-ridge (or stamukhi) zone is an important feature because it often determines the boundary between fast ice and pack ice. The 'flaw
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