. Mediæval and modern history . quest of Granada in 1492 byFerdinand and Isabella, the Moors were assured protection in 1 Taking up his fathers quarrel with France, Philip defeated the French in twogreat battles in France (at St. Quentin, 1557, and then at Gravelines, 1557). The warwas ended by the Peace of Cateau-Cambresis (1559). The monument built by Philip tocommemorate the victory of St. Quentin is strikingly illustrative of his the battle he vowed to erect to St. Lawrence the most splendid monastery theworld had ever seen, if he would but give success to his arms. Philip
. Mediæval and modern history . quest of Granada in 1492 byFerdinand and Isabella, the Moors were assured protection in 1 Taking up his fathers quarrel with France, Philip defeated the French in twogreat battles in France (at St. Quentin, 1557, and then at Gravelines, 1557). The warwas ended by the Peace of Cateau-Cambresis (1559). The monument built by Philip tocommemorate the victory of St. Quentin is strikingly illustrative of his the battle he vowed to erect to St. Lawrence the most splendid monastery theworld had ever seen, if he would but give success to his arms. Philip kept his vowfaithfully. A few years after the battle he laid, near the city of Madrid, the foundationof the famous Escorial, — a palace, a monastery, and a mausoleum. The edifice wasbuilt in the form of a gridiron, from the circumstance that St. Lawrence sufferedmartyrdom by being broiled on such an instrument. It is the Westminster Abbey ofSpain ; it holds the ashes of rr(0$t of the Spanish sovereigns from Charles V Fig. 61. Philip II. (After apainting by Titian) 2 94 THE ASCENDANCY OF SPAIN [§322 all civil rights and granted religious freedom. But the EmperorCharles V broke faith with them and compelled them to embraceChristianity. They submitted to baptism, and outwardly con-formed to the requirements of the Church, but secretly they heldto their own faith. Philip conceived it to be his duty to impose upon the Moriscos—thus they were called after their conversion—conditions thatshould thoroughly obliterate all traces of their ancient faith andmanners. So he issued a decree that they should no longer weartheir native garb or use their native tongue, and that they shouldgive their children Christian names and send them to Christianschools. A determined revolt followed. The uprising was suppressed with cruel severity, and then,because there was danger that if left in these coast regions theymight open the gates of the country to the INIoslems of the Medi-terra
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