. Analysis of development. Embryology; Embryology. Fig. 205. Electrophoretic patterns of highly puri- fied conalbumin (A) and of six times recrystallized ovalbumin (B and C) (from Cohn, Wetter and Deutsch, '49). upon immunization. No clear-cut demonstra- tion of this has been made in studies of cross- reactions as far as the present author is aware. For this purpose it would presumably be necessary to run parallel immvmizations portant to test for possible competition of antigens and for adjuvant action. In experi- ments by Vaughan and Kabat ('53), showing the presence of cross-reacting antibo
. Analysis of development. Embryology; Embryology. Fig. 205. Electrophoretic patterns of highly puri- fied conalbumin (A) and of six times recrystallized ovalbumin (B and C) (from Cohn, Wetter and Deutsch, '49). upon immunization. No clear-cut demonstra- tion of this has been made in studies of cross- reactions as far as the present author is aware. For this purpose it would presumably be necessary to run parallel immvmizations portant to test for possible competition of antigens and for adjuvant action. In experi- ments by Vaughan and Kabat ('53), showing the presence of cross-reacting antibodies after immunization with minimal amounts of highly purified ovalbumin, the quantities of impurities that might be present would not have been presumed to induce antibody for- mation. However, they interpret their results as due to trace contaminants in their oval- bumin antigen. Another way of interpreting cross-reactions is on the basis of similar determinant, or combining, groups on chemically different proteins or other antigenic substances. This can best be illustrated by the fundamental experiments of Landsteiner ('17-'46) in which proteins are coupled with small molecular, chemically well defined substances. Thus horse serum protein can be coupled with diazotized arsanilic acid (Atoxyl) as illus- trated in Figure 206, the union being pre- sumably with certain amino acids of the protein that have benzene or heterocyclic rings, such as tyrosine, histidine or trypto- phane. When this is injected into a rabbit the antiserum that is obtained is found to react not only with the immunizing antigen but also with other proteins, such as chicken serum protein, that have been similarly coupled with diazotized Atoxyl. On the other hand it will not precipitate chicken serum. HjOjAs "-I ' i I Diazotized Arsamlic Acid Diazotized Arsanilic Acid ^ Fig. 206. Illustration of the manner in which a hapten may be coupled with a protein with the maximum possible amounts of the suspecte
Size: 2261px × 1106px
Photo credit: © Library Book Collection / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookpublisherphiladelphi, booksubjectembryology
