Elements of pathological anatomy . , it is not unusual to find hard sabulous concretions,matted together by cellular tissue ; similar substances, only of a more regularshape, I have several times seen in the lumbar and pelvic glands. In most ofthe cases which have come under my notice they were perfectly spherical,smooth, uniformly hard, and very few of them bigger than a currant; theyoccurred in the midst of the parenchymatous texture, to which they adheredby dense, cellular tissue, and which was, in other respects, entirely natural. These morbid changes may be considered as resulting from a
Elements of pathological anatomy . , it is not unusual to find hard sabulous concretions,matted together by cellular tissue ; similar substances, only of a more regularshape, I have several times seen in the lumbar and pelvic glands. In most ofthe cases which have come under my notice they were perfectly spherical,smooth, uniformly hard, and very few of them bigger than a currant; theyoccurred in the midst of the parenchymatous texture, to which they adheredby dense, cellular tissue, and which was, in other respects, entirely natural. These morbid changes may be considered as resulting from a slow chronicinflammation, similar to that which accompanies ossific deposition in the arte-ries. Ordinarily, the metamorphosis begins at one or more points, fromwhence it gradually spreads in different directions, until it embraces the wholegland. When purely ossific, it is supposed by some to be preceded by carti-lage, but this, I think, admits of much doubt. Another morbid deposition which is sometimes noticed in these glands is. 254 ARTICULAR CARTILAGES. melanosis. Both Andral and Craigie state that this disease is very frequent inEurope, but that it is not so in this country is abundantly proved by the con-current testimony of our most experienced writers. Excepting the bronchialglands, this deposition, indeed, is seldom witnessed in any other portion ofthe absorbent system. Such, at least, is the result of my own observation. CHAPTER VIII. OF THE JOINTS. SECTION I. OF THE ARTICULAR CARTILAGES. I. The Articular Cartilages. — Structure and Chemical Composition. — Vascularity.— Lesions.— Reparation.— Inflammation.— Softening.— Suppuration.— Ulceration. — Ossification.—II. The Synovial Membranes. — Organization, Appearance, and Office. — Diseases: Inflamma-tion— Effusion of Lymph and Pus—Ulceration— Chronic Irritation—Loose Cartilages — ChalkyConcreiions. — III. The Ligaments. — Structure and Sensibility. — Adhesive Inflammation.—Atrop
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