. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. 70 ACADEMIC BOTANY. Series II.— Vertebrates, with spinal column ; producing eggs. Ke- production by fertilization. Five classes: 1. Fishes (Herring, Salmpn, Cod, Shark). ' 2. Amphibians (Salamander, Mud-Eel, Frog). 3. Reptiles (Turtle, Snake, Lizard, Alli- gator). 4. Birds (Goose, Ostrich, Parrot). Oviparous; young de- veloped in the egg after it separates from the mother. 5. Mammals (Opossum, Sloth, "Whale, Oat, Kat, Bat, Mole, Monkey, Man). Viviparous; young develop
. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. 70 ACADEMIC BOTANY. Series II.— Vertebrates, with spinal column ; producing eggs. Ke- production by fertilization. Five classes: 1. Fishes (Herring, Salmpn, Cod, Shark). ' 2. Amphibians (Salamander, Mud-Eel, Frog). 3. Reptiles (Turtle, Snake, Lizard, Alli- gator). 4. Birds (Goose, Ostrich, Parrot). Oviparous; young de- veloped in the egg after it separates from the mother. 5. Mammals (Opossum, Sloth, "Whale, Oat, Kat, Bat, Mole, Monkey, Man). Viviparous; young developed in the egg in the mother's body, and suckled by the mother after birth. 187. Lifeless Time. Though the layers of later periods are placed in regular succession, the Lifeless, or Azoic rocks (sometimes called Archcean)i have been thrust up at various times by internal commo- tions, and are seen at the surface in Norway, Sweden, Bohemia, and Scotland. They are remarkably exhibited in North America, especially in Canada (called the Laurentian rooks, from the river St. Lawrence), and extending along the Allegheny and Blue Ridge ranges to Ala- bama ; also in the Kocky Mountains. America is indeed the Old World rather than the New. Some of her living quadrupeds (Opos- sum, Sloth) and one of her races of men (Esquimaux) are found elsewhere only in fossils. 138. Ancient Time has four periods: 1. Silurian (L. Silures, the Welsh), because these rocks abound in Wales. 2 Devonian, from Devon, England; sometimes called Old Eed Sandstone. 3. Carboniferous, from the abundance of its coal-measures. 4. Permian, from Perm, in -- B Fia. 83.—A, Pidteorliftrda minor, seaweed, fossil, Scotland. B, Oldhamia anliqua, animal, fossil, Ireland. 129. In the Lower Silurian (see Table) are the first authentic fossils. The plants are Thallogens ; one of them is a Seavjeed (Fig. 83, A), resembling the I)ead-Man's-Rope of our own time (Book-cover, front). Another is an Invertebrate animal, also
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